GIFT 


^ 

Class 


M^b"1 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA    PUBLICATIONS 
BOTANY 

Vol.  2,  pp.  1-71,  Pis.  1-11  May  10,  1904 


A   REVIEW  OF  CALIFORNIAN 
POLEMONIACEAE 


WITH   ELEVEN  PLATES 


JESSIE  MILLIKEN 


BERKELEY 

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UNIV.  CALIF.  PUB.  EOT.  VOL.  2. 


[MILLIKEN]  PLATE   1. 


FLOWER   AND   FRUIT   OF   SIX   SPECIES. 


BEUTTnNiHEV.BV 


1.    CDLLOMIA  DRANDIFLORA. 
4.    PHLOX  AUSTRO  MONTANA. 


2     GILIA  GILIDIDES.  3.   NAUARRETIA  PUBESCENS. 

S.     LINANTHUS   LINIFLORUS.  B.     PDLEMDNIUM   REPTANS. 


a.     FLOWER  b.     FRUIT. 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA    PUBLICATIONS 
BOTANY 

Vol.  2,  pp.  1-71,  Pis.  1-11  May  10,  1904 


A  REVIEW  OF  CALIFORNIA 
POLEMONIACEAE.*      f 

BY 

JESSIE  MILLIKEN. 


INTRODUCTION. 

The  Polemoniaceae,  while  clearly  defined  as  a  natural  order  of 
plants,  show  unusual  complexity  of  variation  within  the  order. 
By  far  the  greater  number  of  species  belong  to  the  western  coast 
of  America,  hence  coming  to  the  observation  of  botanists  only  in 
comparatively  recent  years. 

The  order  was  first  defined  by  Jussieu  in  1789,  and  called  by 
him  Polemonia,  including  the  genera  Phlox  and  Polemonium  of 
Linnaeus,  and  Cantua  and  Hoitzia  of  his  own.  According  to 
Engler  and  Prautl,  Bentham  and  Hooker,  and  De  Candolle,  the 
genus  Hoitzia  is  synonymous  with  Loeselia  of  Linnaeus,  and  the 
latter  name  has  remained  for  six  or  seven  species  of  Mexican 
plants.  Phlox,  Polemonium  and  Loeselia,  with  the  two  Mexican 
genera,  Cobaea  and  Bonplandia  of  Cavanilles,  have  been  con- 
sidered as  acceptable  from  the  time  of  their  naming  by  the  early 
scientists.  As  this  paper  treats  only  of  the  California  Polem- 
oniaceae, the  three  genera,  Loeselia,  Cobaea  and  Bonplandia, 
which  have  no  representatives  within  the  state  are  not  considered. 

In  1798  an  expedition  was  made  from  Spain  to  the  western 
coast  of  South  America,  and  during  their  visit  to  Chili  and  Peru, 
two  Spanish  botanists,  Hypolito  Ruiz  and  Joseph  Pa  von,  collected 
many  plants,  representing,  according  to  their  opinion,  one  hun- 

*  Thesis  presented  in  partial  fulfilment  of  the  requirements  for  the  degree  of 
.Muster  of  Science,  University  of  California,  December,  1902.  Prepared  under  the 
direction  of  Professor  W.  L.  Jepson. 


129662 


2  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

dred  and  thirty  new  genera.  Among  these  were  Gilia  and  Navar- 
retia.  It  is  with  the  North  American  representatives  of  these 
Chilian  and  Peruvian  plants  and  their  near  relatives  that  the 
difficulty  of  classification  in  Polemoniaceae  has  been  the  greatest. 
Not  only  have  authors  differed  much  as  to  the  best  way  to  define 
the  genera,  but  they  have  had  to  revise  their  own  work  many 
times  as  more  material  and  further  study  demanded. 

The  next  important  steps  in  the  history  of  the  order  were 
taken  in  the  early  part  of  the  nineteeth  century,  when  the  western 
coast  of  North  America  became  accessable  to  collectors.  Many 
new  genera  were  described.  Among  them,  Linanthus  of  Ben- 
tham  (1833)  is  the  only  one  deserving  generic  rank. 

To  present  the  complicated  synonomy  necessary  to  give  a  com- 
plete history  of  the  genus  Gilia.  using  this  term  in  the  most  com- 
prehensive sense  that  it  has  as  yet  been  used,  namely  by  Asa 
Gray,  in  the  Supplement  to  the  "Synoptical  Flora  of  North 
America"  would  only  lead  to  confusion.  Suffice  it  to  say  that 
many  of  the  genera  such  as  Leptodactylon,  Fenzlia,  Hugelia  and 
Ipomopsis  were  named  by  Hooker,  Bentham,  Michaux  and  others, 
from  limited  material  sent  to  them  from  the  Pacific  Coast,  but 
without  knowledge  of  the  abundance  of  related  plants  still  undis- 
covered, and  of  the  extent  of  the  field.  Many  of  these  genera 
are  conveniently  used  by  Bentham  in  De  Candolle's  "Prodromus 
Systematis  Naturalis  Regni  Vegetabilis,"  IX,  (1845),  also  by 
Bentham  and  Hooker,  in  "Genera  Plantarum,"  II,  (1876),  and 
by  Engler  and  Prantl,  in  "Die  Natiirlichen  Pflanzenfamilien," 
IV3A,  (1897),  as  subgenera  or  sections  of  Gilia.  In  the  last 
work  the  Polemoniaceae  are  worked  up  by  A.  Peter. 

The  most  complete  and  reliable  descriptions  of  North,Ameri- 
can  Polemoniaceae  are  those  of  Asa  Gray  in  the  "Synoptical 
Flora  of  North  America,"  II,  the  first  edition  appearing  in  1878 
and  the  second  in  1886.  Since  that  was  published,  however, 
Edward  L.  Greene  has  done  much  work  in  the  way  of  partial 
revision.  The  basis  of  his  division  of  the  order  into  genera  is 
to  be  found  in  "Pittonia,"  I,  (1887),  followed  by  a  treatment 
of  Polemonium,  Collornia  and  Navarretia.  In  "Pittonia,"  II, 
(1892),  the  genus  Linanthus  is  considered.  There  are  two 
small  genera  of  his  own,  Langloisia,  including  three  species, 


YOU  2]  Milliken.  —  Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  3 

L.  Matthewsii,  L.  Schottii  and  L.  setosissima  treated  in  "Pitto- 
nia,"  III  (1898),  and  Microsteris,  within  which  he  groups  several 
species  which  are  considered  in  this  paper  and  are  ordinarily 
accepted  as  Gilia  gracilis,  treated  in  "Pittonia,"  III.  "The 
Phloxes  of  Western  North  America"  (1899),  is  the  -title  of  a 
paper  by  Elias  Nelson,  in  which  the  genus  Phlox  is  revised. 

There  is  need  at  the  present  time  of  a  general  survey  of  the 
order  to  bring  together  the  results  of  the  latest  research,  and 
in  attempting  this,  I  have  made  such  omissions,  additions  and 
changes  as  seem  necessary  from  my  present  point  of  view. 
The  material  studied  is  that  of  the  Herbarium  of  the  University 
of  California,  the  Herbarium  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sci- 
ences, and  also  various  collections  made  by  Dr.  W.  L.  Jepson, 
H.  M.  Hall,  H.  P.  Chandler,  J.  P.  Tracy,  M.  S.  Baker,  G.  B. 
Grant,  and  fresh  material  obtained  during  the  summer  of  1902 
and  1903. 

The  genera  of  the  order,  excluding  those  which  have  no 
representative  species  in  California,  are  six: — Polemonium, 
L.,  Collomia,  Nutt.,  Navarretia,  R.  &  P.,  Gilia,  R.  &  P., 
Linanthus,  Benth.,  and  Phlox,  L.  Several  of  the  characters 
formerly  relied  upon  in  denning  these  genera  have  been  found  to 
separate  species  evidently  very  nearly  related  and  vice  versa. 
Thus,  Gray  was  led  to  drop  the  thoroughly  good  genus  Collomia 
and  merge  it  in  Gilia.  His  judgment  would  be  justified,  since 
the  characters  chiefly  emphasized  proved  unreliable,  if  it  had  not 
been  possible  to  find  other  constant  characters  to  replace  them, 
as  is  shown  below.  The  mucilagenous  seeds,  characteristic  of 
Collomia,  are  possessed  by  many  species  in  all  other  respects 
typical  of  another  genus.  Examples  of  this  are  Gilia  aggre- 
gata  and  Gilia  filiformis,  Linanthus  Bigelovii,  and  many  Navar- 
retia species.  The  declined  stamens,  and  appendaged  filaments  of 
Polemonium  are  also  found  outside  of  that  genus.  For  instance, 
Linanthus  liniflorus  possesses  hairy  appendaged  filaments,  and 
the  stamens  of  Gilia  Matthewsii  are  conspicuously  declined. 

As  is  stated  by  Greene,  in  "Pittonia,"  I,  the  form  of  the  corolla, 
the  insertion  and  direction  of  the  stamens,  the  character  and 
number  of  the  seeds,  are  all  found  to  be  unreliable  as  primary 
generic  characters.  Greene  selects  as  of  first  value  the  calyx. 


4  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

This  is  excellent  in  the  case  of  Collomia  and  Polemonium,  being 
so  reliable  that  the  use  of  other  characters  of  habit  and  foliage 
are  almost  superfluous. 

Taking  the  order  as  a  whole,  Collomia  may,  in  the  first  place, 
be  well  marked  off  by  the  turbinate,  accrescent  calyx,  the  tube 
possessing  replicate  sinuses,  and  not  being  distended  by  the 
mature  capsule.  Polemonium  is  equally  distinct  with  its  entirely 
herbaceous  calyx,  accrescent,  and  not  distended  by  the  capsule. 
The  other  genera  cannot  be  so  easily  separated  by  a  single  char- 
acter as  the  foregoing.  The  pungent,  unequally  lobed  calyx  of 
Navarretia  is  found  to  hold  with  all  species  agreeing  in  respect  to 
general  habit  and  foliage.  This  is  true  also  of  Linanthus,  but  the 
character  of  the  foliage  is  necessary  to  separate  some  species  of 
this  genus  from  those  of  Gilia.  Still,  the  cylindrical  to  urn- shaped 
calyx,  with  equal  lobes,  and  conspicuous,  broad,  hyaline  spaces 
between  the  ribs,  the  tube  equalling  the  capsule,  but  distended, 
and  usually  ruptured  by  the  mature  fruit,  is  a  primary  feature  of 
typical  forms.  Phlox,  to  a  still  greater  degree  than  the  last  two 
genera,  must  be  distinguished  by  the  foliage  and  habit  rather 
than  by  the  calyx,  and  is  the  only  genus  where  the  form  of  the 
corolla  is  of  value.  The  strictly  salver- form  corolla  with  narrow 
orifice  is  a  constant  and,  therefore,  a  reliable  character. 

After  separating  the  five  genera  which  I  have  just  considered, 
there  still  remains  a  large  number  of  forms,  some  exceedingly 
variable  and  others  less  so.  Looked  at  superficially,  these  forms 
fall  into  groups  which  are  easily  recognized  at  a  glance;  but  a 
more  careful  study  shows  them  to  be  so  intimately  related  that 
they  must  be  of  one  genus.  This  sixth  genus  may  well  take  the 
inclusive  name  of  Gilia,  and  cover  the  subgenera  corresponding 
to  these  unmistakable,  but  superficial,  groups.  If  connecting 
links  had  not  been  found,  these  groups  would  doubtless  still  be 
kept  as  distinct  genera,  as  they  were  formerly  considered. 

With  the  question  of  genera  disposed  of,  there  remains  the 
more  difficult  task  of  classifying  under  each  its  several  species. 
Leaving  considerable  latitude  for  differences  of  opinion,  there  are 
from  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  to  one  hundred  and  seventy- 
five  species  on  the  Pacific  side  of  the  Rocky  Mountains,  and  new 
species  are  continually  being  described.  It  is,  therefore,  with  full 


VOL.  2]  Millikpn. — Californian  Polemoniaceae.  5 

knowledge  of  the  probable  incompleteness,  and  the  possibility 
of  wrong  judgment  that  the  list  of  described  species  with  which 
this  paper  concludes  is  offered.  The  small  number  of  species  of 
Phlox,  Collomia,  and  Polemonium  are  comparatively  well  marked 
and  will  cause  little  trouble  to  the  California  botanist;  "except 
that,  among  the  Polemoniums,  there  is  much  confusion  in 
nomenclature  concerning  P.  humile  Willd.  and  P.  humile  var.  pul- 
chellum  Gray,  P.  viscosum  Nutt.,  and  P.  parvifolium  Nutt.  The 
questions  can  only  be  settled  by  access  to  type  specimens  which 
I  have  not  thus  far  obtained,  and  the  names  are  used  which  seem, 
from  a  careful  reading  of  the  various  references  to  the  subject,  to 
come  nearest  to  the  truth.  The  differences  between  the  Navar- 
retia  species  are  not  great,  but  the  small  differences,  referring 
chiefly  to  foliage  and  corolla,  are  easily  recognized  except  in  a 
few  cases  of  hybrids.  The  subgenus  Eugilia,  of  the  genus  Gilia, 
includes  an  almost  endless  variety  of  forms,  which  are,  with 
much  generalization,  reduced  to  the  species  named  below. 
More  light  would  doubtless  be  thrown  upon  their  relationship 
by  a  detailed  study  of  geographical  distribution  and  ecologic 

conditions. 

KEY  TO   THE   GENERA. 

I.  Calyx  growing  with  the  fruit,  nearly  distended  by  the  capsule. 

A.  Calyx  wholly  herbaceous.  1.  POLEMONIUM. 

K.  Calyx  not  wholly  herbaceous.  2.  COLLOMIA. 

II.  Calyx  growing  after  the  flowering  stage,  always  more  or  less  distended 
by  the  capsule,  and  usually  ruptured  by  it. 

A.  Stamens  equally,  or  slightly  unequally  inserted;  corolla  variable. 

a.  Calyx  lobes  unequal  and  pungent;  leaves  all  alternate. 

3.  NAVARRETIA. 

b.  Calyx  lobes  equal,  rarely  pungent. 

1.  Upper  leaves  alternate,  variable.  4.  GILIA. 

2.  Leaves  usually  all  opposite  and  palmately  parted. 

5.    LlNANTHUS. 

B.  Stamens  very  unequally  inserted ;    corolla  strictly   salverform  with 
narrow  orifice.  6.  PHLOX. 

POLEMONIUM,  L. 

Leaves  alternate,  pinnatifid;  calyx  entirely  herbaceous, 
accrescent,  and  not  distended  by  the  mature  capsule;  filaments 
more  or  less  declined  and  hairv  at  the  base. 


6  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

KEY   TO  THE   SPECIES. 
I.  Root  perennial. 

A.  Tall,  with  few  branches  from  a  slender  tap  root. 

a.  Corolla  pink,  large.  1.   P.  carneum. 

6.  Corolla  bright  blue.  2.  P.  coeruleum. 

B.  A  span  high  from  a  more  or  less  tufted  root-stock. 

a.  Leaves  scarious,  sheathing,  pinnae  three-parted,  crowded. 

3.  P.  eximium. 

b.  Leaves  with  entire  oblong  pinnae  two  to  seven  lines  long;  corolla 

deep  blue  with  yellow  tube.  4.  P.  pulchellum. 

c.  Leaves  with   entire   pinnae  one  to  one  and  one-half  lines  long, 

nearly  as  broad;  corolla  pale  blue  to  white. 

5.  P.  parvifolium . 
II.   Root  annual. 

a.  Flowers  solitary  in  the  leaf  axils,  and  scattered. 

6.  P.  micranthum. 

1.  Polemonium  carneum  Gray. 

Perennial,  a  foot  or  two  high,  branching  and  leafy,  soft- 
pubescent;  leaves  five  to  six  inches  long  below,  an  inch  or  less 
long  in  the  inflorescence,  many  broad-  to  narrow-lanceolate  pinnae 
averaging  an  inch  in  length;  inflorescence  single  or  in  a  terminal 
corymb  of  two  to  four  flowers;  calyx  four  to  five  lines  long,  cam- 
panulate,  with  broad,  rounded  base,  lobes  longer  than  the  tube, 
lanceolate;  corolla  campanulate,  an  inch  long,  pink  fading  to 
purple,  tube  shorter  than  the  corolla,  lobes  round-obovate ;  sta- 
mens inserted  about  half  way  up  on  the  tube,  unequal  in  length, 
shorter  than  the  corolla,  very  pubescent  at  the  base;  style  about 
equal  to  the  stamens;  capsule  round,  three  to  four  lines  in 
diameter,  included  in  the  tube  of  the  enlarged  calyx,  seeds  three 
to  four  in  each  cell. 

San  Mateo  Co.,  C.  T.  Blake,  J.  B.  Davy.    Near  San  Francisco, 

G.  R.  Vasey.     Woods  of  Siskiyou  Co.,  E.  L.  Greene. 

« 

2.  Polemonium  coeruleum  L. 

Perennial,  one  to  three  feet  high,  erect,  simple  or  with  few 
branches,  inflorescence  glandular- pubescent,  otherwise  glabrous; 
leaves  four  to  eight  inches  long  with  many  lanceolate  pinnae 
about  one  inch  in  length;  inflorescence  of  terminal,  rather  close 
panicles  or  small  axillarj-  ones;  calyx  about  three  lines  long, 
campanulate,  the  broad,  lanceolate  lobes  shorter  than  the  tube, 
often  with  tinges  of  purple  and  red;  corolla  deep  blue,  campanu- 
late, little  more  than  twice  the  calyx,  tube  shorter  than  the 


vor,.  2]  Milliken. — Californian  Polemoniaceae.  1 

calyx,  lobes  obovate,  slightly  crenate;  stamens  inserted  low  in  the 
tube,  very  pubescent,  equalling  or  exceeding  the  corolla,  declined; 
style  much  exserted;  "ovules  ten  in  each  cell."  (Jepson.) 

Lake  Tahoe,  W.  C.  Blasdale.  Western  slope  of  Washoe  Mts., 
Nevada  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy.  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.,  H.  N.-Bokmder. 
Bear  Valley,  San  Bernardino  Mts.,  H.  M.  Hall.  Mendocino  Co., 
Dr.  A.  Kellogg.  Mt.  Lassen,  Plumas  Co.,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce. 
Sissons,  Shasta  Co. 

Polemonium  coeruleum  L.  is  a  European  plant  and  Gray 
considers  the  American  plant  to  be  the  same  and  calls  it  P.  coeru- 
leum. (Syn.  Fl.  II,  151) .  Greene  thinks  the  native  plants  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains  and  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mountains,  and  even  of 
the  Atlantic  states,  will  be  found  to  be  distinct  and  names  them 
P.  occidentale.  (Pitt.  II,  75.) 

3.  Polemonium  eximium  Greene.     P.  confertmn  Gray. 

Perennial,  a  span  high  or  less;  stems  few  from  a  tufted  root- 
stock,  glandular-pubescent  and  viscid,  "musky  fragrant"  (Gray) ; 
leaves  mostly  radical,  with  dilated,  sheathing  petioles  which  are 
scarious,  two  to  four  inches  long,  cauline  few  and  shorter,  pinnae 
many,  one  to  three  lines  long,  three- parted  and  near  together, 
leaves  subtending  the  inflorescence  one-half  inch  long  with  few 
spatulate  pinnae  entire  or  with  one  lobe;  inflorescence  large  for 
the  plant,  a  close  corymb,  or  headlike,  erect;  calyx  four  lines 
long,  funnelform  to  almost  cylindrical,  lobes  spatulate,  covered 
with  quite  long  glandular  hairs;  corolla  little  more  than  twice 
the  calyx,  tube  longer  than  the  limb,  lobes  roundish-obovate, 
deep  blue  to  purple;  stamens  inserted  half  way  up  the  tube, 
included,  slightly  pubescent  at  the  base;  style  with  the  large 
three-lobed  stigma  shorter  than  the  stamens;  "ovules  about  three 
in  each  cell"  (Gray). 

This  California  species  of  Greene  differs  from  P.  coufertum  of 
the  Rocky  Mountains  in  having  a  perfectly  erect  inflorescence 
instead  of  a  slightly  declined  one,  and  in  having  shorter  corollas. 

Mt.  Conness,  Tuolumne  Co.,  type  locality.  Mt.  Lyall, 
Mono  Co.  Harrison's  Pass,  King's  River,  Fresno  Co.  Mt. 
Dana,  Mono  Co.,  F.  P.  McLean,  12,000  feet,  and  at  Summit 
13,050  feet,  H.  M.  Hall  and  E.  B.  Babcock.  Mt.  Goddard, 


8  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Fresno  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall  and  H.  P.  Chandler.     Head  of  King's 
River,  C.  H.  Merriam. 

4.  Polemonium  pulchellum  Bunge.  P.  hnmile  vur.  pulchellum 
Gray.  P.  moschatum  Wormskiold.  P.  Jiumile  Lind. 
P.  pulcherrinmm  Hook. 

Perennial,  about  a  span  high,  from  a  more  or  less  creeping 
root- stock,  few  branches,  and  these  principally  from  the  base, 
conspicuously  glandular- pubescent  to  glabrous;  leaves  three  to 
six  inches  long,  pinnae  five  to  fifteen,  roundish  to  oblong-oval, 
two  to  seven  lines  long ;  inflorescence  of  rather  small  loose  cymes ; 
calyx  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  campanulate,  lobes  longer 
than  the  tube,  broad-lanceolate;  corolla  twice  the  calyx,  pink  to 
blue,  with  yellow  tube  which  about  equals  the  calyx,  lobes 
obovate,  crenate;  stamens  inserted  near  the  base  of  the  tube 
but  adnate  to  the  top,  dilated  and  pilose  at  the  base,  shorter 
than  the  corolla,  equal,  anthers  round;  pistil  conspicuously 
exserted. 

Marble  Mt.,  Siskiyou  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler.  Plentiful  at 
Donner  Pass,  Nevada  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy.  Truckee  River  Basin. 
Placer  Co.,  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.,  A.  M.  Carpenter.  Meadows  near 
Black  Mt.,  Fresno  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler  and  H.  M.  Hall. 

The  plant  originally  described  by  Bunge  is  from  central  Asia 
and  it  is  quite  probable  that  our  plant  of  the  California  moun- 
tains is  not  the  same,  but  it  seems  impossible  now  to  decide. 

.">.  Polemonium  parvifolium  Nutt.  P.  viscosum  (Nutt.)  Gray. 
Perennial,  four  to  five  inches  high,  from  a  densely  tufted 
root-stock,  with  several  scaly,  short  branches  bearing  closely 
imbricated  leaves  at  their  summits;  the  flower  stems  with  few 
and  shorter  leaves,  about  twice  the  length  of  the  basal  leaf 
cluster;  the  whole  plant  viscid-pubescent;  leaves  two  to  three 
inches  long,  leaflets  one  and  one-half  lines  long  or  less,  nearly 
as  broad,  obtuse  to  broadly  acute,  at  intervals  not  exceed- 
ing their  own  length;  flowers  on  pedicels  not  exceeding  the 
corolla,  in  small  groups  paniculately  arranged;  calyx  two  and 
one-half  lines  long,  lobes  nearly  equalling  the  tube,  broad- 
lanceolate,  acutish;  corolla  twice  the  calyx,  bluish  to  white; 
filaments  hairy  appendaged;  style  shorter  than  the  lobes. 


UNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.  HOT.  VOL.  2. 


IMILLIKEN]  PLATE  2. 


PH  OTO  -UTK.BRITTaN  *HE£  B 

POLEMONIUM    PARVIFOLIUM. 

1.     ENTIRE   PLANT.          2.     FLOWER.         3.     CDRDLLA  OPENED.          4.     PISTIL. 


VOL.  2]  Millikcn.  —  California^  Polcmoniaceae .  9 

In  1897  P.  A.  Rydberg  published  in  the  "Torrey  Botanical 
Club  Bulletin,"  XXIV,  252,  a  result  of  his  study  of  P.  viscosum 
Nutt.  After  seeing  the  type  he  says  it  is  much  nearer  related 
to  P.  confertum  than  to  P.  humile.  P.  viscosum  as  described 
by  Gray  in  the  "Synoptical  Flora,"  on  the  other  hancf,TB  near 
to  P.  humile  and  differs  from  the  original  description  of  P. 
viscosum  by  Nuttall,  especially  in  the  calyx  lobes  which  are 
elongated-lanceolate  according  to  Nuttall,  and  this  character  is 
excluded  by  Gray.  A  specimen  in  the  California  Academy  of 
Sciences  from  near  Lassen's  Peak,  collected  by  J.  G.  Lemmou, 
No.  26,  evidently  near  P.  humile  and  here  described,  is  probably 
P.  parvifolium  Nutt.  in  manuscript. 

G.   Polemonium   micranthum  Benth.      P.  antarcticum  Griseb. 
ex  Benth. 

Annual,  three  to  eight  inches  high,  many  basal  branches 
diverging  but  finally  erect,  viscid- pubescent  from  the  base 
upward;  leaves  one  inch  or  less  long  with  five  to  thirteen  small 
lanceolate  pinnae;  flowers  mostly  single  in  the  leaf  axils 
and  scattered;  calyx  open  campanulate,  the  broad  lanceolate  lobes 
much  longer  than  the  tube;  corolla  "whitish,  almost  rotate,  a  line 
or  two  long,  shorter  than  the  calyx,  filaments  almost  naked  at 
the  base"  (Gray);  capsule  round,  ovules  two  or  three  in  each 
cell. 

Plains  of  Goose  Lake,  Mrs.  R.  M.  Austin  and  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce. 

COLLOMIA    NUTT. 

Leaves  mostly  alternate,  the  lower  sometimes  paired,  never 
filiform,  palmately  parted,  not  strictly  pinnate;  calyx  turbinate, 
accrescent,  and  not  distended  by  the  mature  capsule,  scarious 
below  the  sinuses,  which  are  are  markedly  replicate  in  age; 
stamen's  unequally  inserted;  seeds  usually  one,  or  few  in  each  cell. 

KEY    TO    THE    SPECIES. 

A.  Leaves  lanceolate,  entire  or  toothed. 

a.  Corolla  large,  salmon-yellow.  1.   C.  grandiflora. 

b.  Corolla  small,  lobes  purple,  one  line  long;  calyx  lobes  subulate. 

2.   C.  linearis. 

c.  Corolla  small,  purple,  lobes  one  line  long;  calyx  lobes  narrow  and 

distinctly  awned.  3.   C.  tinctoria 


10  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

d.  Corolla  larger  than  the   preceding,  five  to  six  lines   long,    limb 
three  to  four  lines  broad,  deep  blue;  calyx  lobes  subulate. 

4.   C.  mazama. 
K,  Leaves  variously  lobed  and  divided.  5.   C.  heterophylla. 

1.  Collomia  grandiflora  Benth. 

Annual,  from  six  inches  to  two  and  one-half  feet  high,  simple 
or  with  few  branches,  leafy  to  the  top,  roughish-puberulent  and 
glandular- viscid  to  nearly  glabrous;  leaves  alternate,  one  to  two 
inches  long,  and  one  and  one- half  to  three  lines  wide,  usually 
entire  but  rarely  with  short  lobes  or  teeth,  tapering  at  both  ends, 
without  petioles,  edges  often  revolute;  bracts  broader  and  shorter 
than  the  leaves;  inflorescence  usually  of  single  terminal  bracted 
cluster,  with  occasionally  smaller  lateral  clusters;  calyx  two  to 
four  lines  long,  lobes  triangular,  shorter  than  the  tube,  herba- 
ceous; corolla  an  inch  long,  funnelform  to  salverform,  orange 
colored,  tube  slender,  thrice  the  calyx;  stamens  inserted  some- 
what irregularly  above  the  middle  of  the  tube,  of  unequal  length, 
some  included,  others  exserted;  anthers  small,  round,  blue; 
capsule  equalling  the  calyx  tube  in  length  but  not  distending  it, 
acute  at  the  base,  obtuse  at  the  apex,  one  seed  in  each  cell. 

Common  in  the  mountains  throughout  the  state.     (Plate  1.) 

2.  Collomia  linearis  Nutt.     Gilia  linearis  Gray. 

Annual,  four  to  twelve  inches  high,  simple  or  branching, 
roughish-puberulent;  leaves  one-half  to  two  inches  long,  one  to 
four  lines  wide,  entire,  tapering  at  each  end,  or,  above,  becoming 
truly  lanceolate,  without  petioles,  edges  sometimes  revolute; 
bracts  lanceolate,  not  shorter  than  the  upper  leaves;  flowers 
in  small  terminal  clusters,  and,  on  branched  specimens,*  in  axil- 
lary clusters;  calyx  three  to  four  lines  long,  the  narrow  trian- 
gular segments  alone  herbaceous;  corolla  only  twice  the  calyx, 
tube  very  slender- funnelform,  lobes  not  exceeding  1  line,  purple; 
stamens  inserted  irregularly  and  of  unequal  length  in  the  tube 
of  the  corolla;  style  two  lines  long,  stigmas  very  short,  reaching 
three-fourths  up  the  tube;  one  seed  in  each  cell. 

San  Bernardino  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall.  Fresno  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall 
and  H.  P.  Chandler.  Truckee,  Nevada  Co.,  G.  P.  Sonne.  Deer 
Park  Inn,  Placer  Co.,  C.  J.  Fox,  Jr.  Bear  Valley,  Amador 


VOL. 2]  Milliken. — Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae .  11 

Co.,  Geo.  Hansen.  Pine  Creek,  Lassen  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker  and 
F.  Nutting.  Humboldt  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy. 

3.  Collomia  tinctoria  Kellogg.     Gilia  aristella  Gray. 
Annual,  three  to  eight  inches  high,  branching,  pjiberulent, 

and  more  or  less  glandular;  leaves  alternate,  entire,  an  inch  long 
more  or  less,  not  exceeding  two  lines  in  width,  tapering  at  both 
ends,  often  into  a  distinct  petiole  at  the  base;  inflorescence  sin- 
gle, or  two  to  three-flowered  when  axillary,  and  three  to  five 
flowered  when  terminal,  the  one  to  three  bracts  like  the  leaves; 
calyx  three  lines  long,  segments  narrow  at  the  base  and  distinctly 
awned,  as  long  or  longer  than  the  tube ;  corolla  six  lines  long, 
funnelform,  purple,  tube  very  slender,  lobes  about  one  line  in 
length;  stamens  inserted  unequally  in  the  upper  part  of  the  tube, 
and  of  unequal  length,  anthers  minute,  blue;  pistil  exserted; 
capsule  equalling  the  tube  of  the  calyx,  tapering  at  the  base,  one 
seed  in  each  cell. 

Humboldt  Co..  H.  P.  Chandler.  Canon  Creek,  Trinity  Co., 
Alice  Eastwood.  Sisson,  Shasta  Co.,  W.  A.  Setchell  and  C.  C. 
Dobie.  Summit,  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.,  A.  Kellogg,  type  specimen. 

4.  Collomia  mazama  Coville. 

Perennial,  six  to  twelve  inches  high,  branches  few  from  a 
slender  root-stock;  inflorescence  glandular,  hairy,  below  glabrous 
or  nearly  so;  leaves  six  to  fourteen  lines  long,  lanceolate,  taper- 
ing at  the  base,  sessile  or  with  slightly  margined  petioles,  the 
upper  entire  or  crenate,  the  middle  and  lower  with  few  subulate 
teeth  toward  the  apex;  bracts  similar  to  the  upper  leaves; 
flowers  congested  in  a  terminal,  rather  small  head-like  cyme, 
occasionally  a  very  small  inflorescence  from  the  axil  of  an  upper 
leaf;  calyx  three  and  one-half  to  four  lines  long,  lobes  subu- 
late, blue-margined,  equalling  the  tube;  corolla  five  to  six  lines 
long,  deep  blue,  tube  narrow,  expanding  into  the  ample  limb 
which  is  three  and  one-half  to  four  lines  broad;  stamens  nearly 
equally  inserted  in  the  tube,  unequal  in  length,  some  much 
exserted  and  more  or  less  declined;  style  also  much  exserted. 

Klamath  Co.,  Oregon,  Mrs.  A.  M.  Coombs.  Near  Crater 
Lake,  Oregon,  F.  V.  Coville  and  J.  B.  Leiberg.  Described  here 
because  likely  to  be  found  within  California. 


12  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

5.  Collomia  heterophylla  Hook.     Oilia  heretophylla  Gray. 

Annual,  three  to  fifteen  inches  high,  branching,  puberulent, 
and  somewhat  glandular;  leaves  variously  divided  and  cleft  in 
the  same  plant,  most  deeply  divided  at  the  base;  inflorescence  of 
small,  bracted,  terminal  clusters;  bracts  broad  and  exceeding 
the  flowers,  entire  or  notched;  calyx  with  only  slightly  re  volute 
sinuses  in  the  flowering  stage  but  more  re  volute  in  fruit,  the  very 
slender  acerose  lobes  exceeding  the  tube  in  length ;  corolla  four 
to  six  lines  long,  funnelform,  tube  dark  purple,  slender,  lobes 
lighter  in  color,  one  and  one-half  lines  long;  stamens  of  unequal 
lengths,  inserted  unequally  in  the  tube,  anthers  round,  yellow; 
pistil  about  half  the  length  of  the  corolla;  capsule  oblong, 
equalling  the  tube  of  the  calyx,  seeds  two  or  three  in  each  cell. 

Lower  slopes  of  Mt.  Tamalpais,  Marin  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson, 
H.  P.  Chandler.  Ho  well  Mt.,  Napa  County,  J.  P.  Tracy. 
Mendocino  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson.  Eureka,  Humboldt  Co.,  J.  P. 
Tracy.  Jackson,  Amador  Co.,  Geo.  Hansen. 

NAVARRETIA  Ruiz  &  PAVON. 

Leaves  all  alternate,  pinnatifid,  segments  setaceous  or  spin- 
escent;  calyx  tube  scarious  between  the  prominent  angles,  not 
splitting  in  fruit,  segments  more  or  less  unequal;  stamens 
equally  or  subequally  inserted.  There  is  much  more  similarity  in 
the  habit  of  the  species  of  this  genus  than  in  any  of  the  others. 

KEY    TO    THE    SPECIES. 

A.  All  the  leaves  lax,  bracts  more  or  less  so. 

a.  Prostrate,  with  radiating  branches  from  beneath  the  sessile  pri- 

mary inflorescence,  which  is  near  the  ground.     1.  N.  prostrata. 

b.  A  span  high;  leaves  and  bracts  long  and  usually  twice  pinnatifid; 

primary  flower  cluster  sessile.  2.  N.  leucocephala. 

c.  Three  inches  high  or  less;  leaves  few,  linear,  entire  or  with  few 

segments,  bracts  more  or  less  rigid.  3.  N.  minima. 

d.  Four  to  fourteen   inches  high ;   stems  leafy  to  the  top ;   flowers 

white,  small.  4.  N.  cotulaefolia. 

e.  Equally  tall;  flowers  larger  and  yellow.          5.  N.  nigellaeformis. 

f.  Two  to  six  inches  high;  inflorescence  woolly;  bracts  rigid  and 

pungent;  flowers  with  yellow  tube  and  purple  limb. 

6.  JV.  prolifera. 

B.  Leaves  as  well  as  bracts  rigid  and  pungent. 

a.  Leaves  sometimes  lax  at  the  base,  rigid  above  with  acerose  pin- 
nae; long  retrose  white  hairs  on  the  stem.  7.  N.  intertexta. 


VOL.  2]  Milliken.  —  Ualvforniun  Polemoniaceae.  13 


1).  Leaves  with  expanded  blade  at  the  apex,  this  tapering  at  each 
end  and  bearing  small  sharp  teeth.  8.  N.  setiloba. 

c.   Upper  leaves  and  bracts  twice  pinnatifid,  pinnae  very  fine  and 
numerous,  appearing  netted.  9.  N.  tagetina. 

(1.  Soft-pubescent  bracts  scarious  at  the  broad  base,  the  many  teeth 
spinescent;  seeds  one  in  each  cell,  or  a  second  aborleji_one . 

10.  N.  pubescens. 

e.  Viscid-pubescent  and  noxious  scented;  bracts  broad  at  the  base, 

divisions  extending  at  various  angles.  11.  N.  squarrosa. 

f.  Viscid  but  sweet-scented,  smaller  than  the  preceding. 

12.  N.  mellita. 

g.  Leaves  and  bracts  broad,  entire  except  for   few  pinnae   at  the 

base.  13.  N.  helerodoxa. 

li.  Stems  slender,   wiry;    leaves  linear,   entire    except  one   or  two 

pairs  of  short  pinnae  at  the  base.  14.  N.  filicaulis. 

i.    Less  slender  than  the  last;   leaves  pinnate   below  and  toothed 

above,  capsule  four-angled  at  the  apex.          15.  N.  milracarpa. 
j.    Bracts   with  three   to  five   rigid,    acerose,   divaricate   divisions; 

flowers  in  many  small  heads ;   corolla  shorter  than  the  longest 

calyx  lobes,  persistent  on  the  mature  capsule. 

16.  N.  divaricata. 
k.  Flowers  in  loose  glomerules;  flowers  short -pedunculate,  corolla 

yellow.  17.  N.  Breweri. 

L    Leaves  with  linear  rachis,  bracts  dilated,  with  spinose  pinnae, 

double  or  triple.  18.  N.  subuligera. 

m.  Viscid-pubescent;    leaves  with   narrow  oblong    rachis    and   few 

pinnae,  bracts  considerably  dilated;  flowers  deep  blue,  large. 

19.  N.  viscidula. 
n.  Viscid;    leaves  very  rigid   and    more   or  less    coriaceous,    lobes 

wholly  spinose.  20.  N.  atractyloides . 

o.  Leaves  very  broad,  not  coriaceous,  and  lobes  not  wholly  white 

spinose.  21.  N.  foliacea. 

/>.  More  slender  than  the  last,  three  spinose  teeth  near  the  apex  of 

the  leaves  and  bracts,  strongly  recurved  or  hooked. 

22.  N.  hamata. 

1.   Navarretia  prostrata  Greene.     Oilia  prostrata Gray.    Navar- 
retia  involucrata  R.  and  P. 

Annual,  prostrate,  with  radiating  branches  making  the  plant 
six  inches  across,  glabrous  except  the  inflorescence  which  is 
puberulent;  leaves  and  bracts  one  or  two  inches  long,  lax,  with 
narrow  strap-shaped  rachis,  and  slender  pinnae  four  or  five  lines 
long;  primary  inflorescence  sessile  and  near  the  ground,  large, 
radiating  branches  ending  in  smaller  heads;  calyx  two  lines 
long,  four  lobes  short  and  entire,  one  longer,  with  one  or  two 
teeth,  all  pungent-tipped;  corolla  about  twice  the  calyx,  slender 


14  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

tube  yellow,  lobes  purple;  stamens  inserted  at  the  sinuses  equal- 
ling or  slightly  exceeding  the  lobes,  anthers  oval,  large  in 
proportion  to  the  flower;  pistil  about  equalling  the  stamens. 

Downey,  Southern  California,  A.  Davidson.  N.  involucrata 
R.  and  P.  is  the  South  American  type,  and  analogue  of  N.  pros- 
trata,  according  to  Greene. 

2.  Navarretia  leucocephala  Benth.      Gilia  leucocephala  Gray. 

Annual,  about  a  span  high,  simple  or  branched,  glabrous, 
stems  shiny- white;  leaves  lax,  in  delicate  forms  an  inch  or  less 
long,  in  more  robust  forms  three  and  one-half  inches,  once  or 
twice  pinnatifid;  inflorescence  of  terminal  heads,  the  primary  one 
sessile;  calyx  two  to  three  lines  long,  slender,  lobes  acerose, 
slightly  unequal,  entire,  pungent  tips  almost  awn-like;  corolla 
white,  tube  very  slender,  included,  limb  comparatively  broad, 
lobes  nearly  two  lines  long;  stamens  inserted  at  or  near  the 
sinuses,  exserted  anthers  oblong;  pistil  much  exserted. 

Fresno  Co.  Mariposa  Co.  Amador  Co.  Butte  Co.,  Mrs.  C.  C. 
Bruce.  Lake  Co.  Solano  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson.  Mendocino  Co. 

'3.  Navarretia  minima  Nutt.     Gilia  minima  Gray. 

Annual,  three  inches  high  or  less,  often  broader  than  high, 
finely  puberulent  to  glabrous;  leaves  few,  linear,  entire  or  with 
few  divisions;  bracts  as  long  as  the  leaves,  and  exceeding  the  small 
heads  of  flowers,  more  or  less  rigid;  flowers  white,  minute;  calyx 
tube  five-angled,  distinct,  cylindrical,  with  firm  distended 
hyaline  spaces,  lobes  shorter  than  the  tube,  spinescent,  three 
of  them  two  to  three  parted,  and  longer  than  the  other  two. 

Monterey  Co.  Placer  Co.,  A.  M.  Carpenter.  Sierra  Valley, 
northern  California.  Eagle  Lake,  Lassen  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker  and 
F.  Nutting. 

4.  Navarretia  cotulaefolia  Hook,  and  Arn.  Aegocliloa  cotulae- 
folia  Benth.  Gilia  cotulaefolia  Steudel,  also  Gray  exclud- 
ing N.  pubescens. 

Annual,  four  to  fourteen  inches  high,  simple  or  branching, 
quite  robust,  puberulent;  calyx  somewhat  ciliate;  leaves  an  inch 
or  two  long,  lax,  twice  pinnatifid,  pinnae  many,  with  short  cus- 
pidate tips ;  outer  floral  bracts  exceeding  the  inflorescence  which 


VOL.  2]  Milliken. — Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae .  15 

is  of  terminal  and  axillary  heads;  calyx  four  lines  long,  with  four 
acerose  segments,  two  long  and  two  short  or  sometimes  five 
parted;  corolla  five  to  six  lines  long,  tube  white,  about  equalling 
the  calyx,  lobes  four  or  five,  obovate  to  oblong,  capsule  frequently 
only  two  celled;  ovules  one  or  two  in  each  cell. 

Lake  Co.  Solano  Co.  Alameda  Co.  Two  specimens  from 
Lake  Co.  more  lax  and  leafy  than  most  forms  of  Navarretia  with 
leaf -like  bracts  about  the  head  but  with  large,  wholly  yellow, 
funnelform  corollas. 

5.  Navarretia  nigellaeformis  Greene. 

Annual,  in  the  habit  of  N.  cotulaefolia  but  the  bracts,  if  not 
the  leaves,  more  rigid,  heads  quite  large  and  much  bracted,  the 
bracts  compound-pinnatifid,  the  pinnae  white-setaceous-tipped; 
calyx  five  lines  long,  slender,  tube  obscure,  two  lobes  much 
exceeding  the  other  three  and  divided;  corolla  ample  funnelform, 
bright  yellow  with  five  dark  purple  or  red  spots  in  the  throat, 
little  exceeding  the  calyx;  capsule  two  celled,  two  seeds  in  each 
cell. 

Butte  Co.,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce.  Black's,  Yolo  Co.  Merced  City. 
Willows,  Colusa  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy.  Porterville,  Tulare  Co.  Mrs. 
K.  Brandegee.  San  Miguel,  Monterey  Co.,  A.  Norton.  San 
Luis  Obispo  Co.,  M.  M.  Miles. 

6.  Navarretia  prolifera  Greene. 

Annual,  from  two  to  six  inches  high,  simple  or  sparsely 
branched,  branches  usually  starting  just  beneath  the  primary 
inflorescence,  almost  naked  and  glabrous;  bracts  and  caryces 
woolly  pubescent,  "viscid"  (Greene);  leaves  an  inch  long  or 
more,  filiform,  lax,  but  with  setaceous-tipped  segments;  bracts 
shorter  but  with  longer  segments,  rigid  and  pungent,  exceeding 
the  flowers  in  the  small  heads;  calyx  three  lines  long,  with  five 
nearly  equal,  acerose  teeth  about  equalling  the  hyaline  tube; 
corolla  twice  the  calyx,  tube  yellow,  expanding  into  an  ample 
throat,  lobes  dark  purple,  one  line  long;  stamens  inserted  in  the 
upper  part  of  the  tube,  exserted,  but  little  if  at  all  exceeding  the 
lobes,  anthers  oval;  pistil  exceeding  the  stamens,  curving  between 
the  lobes;  "capsule  many  seeded"  (Greene). 


16  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Amador  Co.,  Mrs.  K.  Curran,  and  Tulare  Co.,  T.  J.  Patter- 
son, whence  the  types. 

7.  Navarretia  intertexta  Hook.    Oilia  intertexta  Steudel.    Aego- 

cTiloa  intertexta  Benth. 

Annual,  three  inches  to  one  foot  in  height,  simple  or  branched, 
usually  robust;  retrose  pubescence  on  the  stem  usually  dense, 
white;  leaves  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  lax  at  the  base,  becoming 
rigid  with  bristle-like  pinnae  above,  bracts  especially  rigid  with 
acerose,  pungent  lobes;  inflorescence  in  terminal  heads  often 
quite  large,  one  inch  in  diameter;  calyx  three  and  one-half  lines 
long,  with  five  unequal  but  entire,  stout,  very  rigid  lobes,  term- 
inating in  white  bristles;  corolla  white,  tube  exceeding  the  longest 
calyx  segment,  lobes  about  one  to  two  lines  long;  stamens  and 
style  much  exserted.  anthers  minute,  oblong;  capsule  three-celled 
and  many  seeded. 

Common  through  the  Sierra  Nevada  and  Coast  Range  moun- 
tains from  Shasta  Co.  to  San  Diego  Co. 

8.  Navarretia  setiloba  Coville  and  Funston. 

Annual,  six  inches  or  less  high,  branching,  viscid- puberulent 
throughout,  with  few  gland-tipped  hairs  above;  leaves  about  one 
inch  long,  pinnatifid,  the  pinnae  of  the  lower  half  of  the  leaf 
simple  or  toothed  acerose  lobes,  spinescent-tipped,  those  of  the 
upper  half  small,  with  sharp  teeth  on  the  expanded  blade  which 
tapers  at  both  ends;  bracts  similar  except  for  the  expanded, 
hyaline  base,  thus  leaving  a  very  narrow  central  portion,  bracts 
exceeding  the  calyces;  calyx  four  lines  long,  lobes' subequal, 
rarely  toothed,  herbaceous  except  the  setaceous  tips,  about  half 
the  tube  which  is  entirely  coriaceous;  corolla  five  to  six  lines 
long,  tube  slender,  twice  the  calyx,  limb  comparatively  large, 
two  and  one-half  to  three  lines  across,  purple;  capsule  shorter 
than  the  calyx  tube,  round  at  the  base,  acute  at  the  apex,  one 
seeded  ( f ) . 

Between  Kernville  and  Havilah,  Kern  Co.,  "Death  Valley 
Expedition,"  Coville  and  Funston.  Templeton,  San  Luis  Obispo 
Co.,  J.  B.  Davy. 


VOL. 2]  Millikrn.  —  California)!  Polemoniaccae.  17 

9.  Navarretia  tagetina  Greene. 

Annual,  three  to  twelve  inches  high,  simple  or  with  few 
spreading  branches,  slightly  puberulent;  leaves  few,  one-half  to 
one  and  one-half  inches  long,  the  lower  lax,  once  pinnatifid,  the 
rachis  and  pinnae  linear,  the  upper  twice  pinnatifid,  the  secondary 
pinnae  spinescent,  terminal  primary  pinna  with  many  short, 
acerose  teeth  or  spines,  pinnae  of  the  bracts  so  many  and  fine  as 
to  give  a  network  appearance  characteristic  of  the  inflorescence, 
which  is  in  a  terminal  head  on  the  nearly  bare  branch  or,  in  case 
of  primary  ones,  several  clusters  together;  calyx  three  lines  long, 
with  very  irregular  lobes,  two  larger  with  at  least  two  pair  of 
pinnae,  the  three  smaller  with  a  single  lobe  near  the  apex,  hyaline 
portion  inconspicuous;  corolla  purple  (or  sometimes  white?), 
one-half  inch  long  or  less,  tube  extremely  slender,  limb  compara- 
tively ample,  throat  and  lobes  each  a  line  long;  capsule  trans- 
parent, imperfectly  obconical,  one-celled,  with  three  compressed 
seeds. 

Howell  Mountain,  Napa  Co.,  and  Vacaville,  Solano  Co.,  W.  L. 
Jepson.  First  collected  by  E.  L.  Greene  in  Siskiyou  Co.,  1876, 
then  near  Folsom,  1883,  by  Mrs.  K.  Curran. 

10.  Navarretia  pubescens  Hook,  and  Arn.  Aegochloa  pubesccns 

Benth.     Oilia  pubescens  Steudel.     Gilia  cotulaefolia  Gray 

in  part. 

Annual,  five  inches  to  one  foot  high,  simple  or  branching, 
pubescent,  not  viscid,  and  not  strong- scented(?) ;  leaves  an  inch 
or  two  long,  flexuous,  with  many  divisions  which  are  usually 
subdivided,  terminal  segment  often  dilated  and  toothed,  cuspi- 
date but  scarsely  pungent;  bracts  rigid,  scarious  at  the  broad 
base,  the  many  teeth  spinescent;  flowers  in  quite  large 
heads;'  calyx  five  lines  long,  three  lobes  shorter,  entire  or  with 
one  tooth,  two  longer  and  with  several  teeth;  corolla  six  lines 
long,  funnelform,  tube  white  at  the  base,  becoming  purple  as  it 
expands  upward,  lobes  very  dark  purple,  one  and  one-half  lines 
long;  stamens  inserted  at  the  sinuses,  recurved,  not  equalling 
the  lobes;  pistil  straight,  nearly  equalling  the  lobes;  capsule 
oblong,  equalling  the  tube  of  the  calyx,  usually  one  seed,  some- 
times two,  or  one  and  an  aborted  second. 


18  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Common  in  hill  country  Mariposa  Co.  to  Modoc  Co.,  and  in 
Coast  Range  Mts.  in  Contra  Costa,  Solano,  and  Lake  Cos. 
(Plates  1  and  3.) 

11.  Navarretia  squarrosa  Hook  and  Aru.      Hoitzia  squarrosa 

Eschscholtz.  Aegochloa  pungens  Benth.  Gilia  pungens 
Hook.,  Bot.  Mag.  t.  2977.  Navarretia  pungens  Hook.,  Fl. 
Bor.  Am.  ii  75.  Gilia  squarrosa  Gray. 

Annual,  a  few  inches  to  two  feet  high,  simple  or  branched, 
very  viscid- pubescent  and  noxious-scented;  leaves  one  and  one- 
half  inches  long  or  less,  twice  pinnatifid,  pinnae  extending  in 
various  angles,  very  rigid  and  pungent  but  herbaceous;  inflor- 
escence large  and  round;  calyx  of  five  narrow-lanceolate,  herba- 
ceous ribs,  scarcety  united  by  the  hyaline  portion,  slightly 
irregular  in  length,  all  entire,  five  lines  long;  corolla  equalling 
the  calyx,  funnelform  to  salverform  with  quite  ample  throat; 
lobes  light  or  dark  blue,  one  and  one-half  lines  long;  stamens 
inserted  near  the  base  of  the  tube,  unequal  in  length  and  slightly 
so  in  insertion,  not  equalling  the  tube;  pistil  also  included;  cap- 
sule oblong,  pitted,  many  seeded. 

Common  on  roadsides  and  fields  from  Monterey  Co.  north  to 
Washington,  (Plate  3.) 

12.  Navarretia  mellita  Greene.      Gilia  mellita  Greene. 

Annual,  about  a  span  high,  branching,  often  diffusely  so, 
making  the  plant  broader  than  high,  pubescent  and  "sweet 
scented"  (Greene) ;  leaves  one  and  one-fourth  inches  long  at  the 
base,  smaller  upward,  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  rachis«and  term- 
inal segment  expanded  in  the  upper  leaves  and  bracts,  all  rigid 
and  pungent;  inflorescence  of  many  small  heads;  calyx  two  and 
one-half  lines  long,  lobes  five,  entire  and  nearly  equal,  the  hya- 
line portion  firm  even  in  fruit;  corolla  minute,  pale;  stamens 
and  pistil  included  in  the  tube;  capsule  oval,  coat  very  thin, 
many  seeded. 

Central  California,  common.  Solano  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson. 
Napa  Co.,  E.  L.  Greene.  Marin  Co.,  Mrs.  K.  Brandegee. 
Monterey  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler. 


XJNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.  EOT.  VOL.  2. 


IMILUKEN]  PLATE  3. 


NAVARRETIA   SQUARROSA. 
1.     ENTIRE   PLANT.  ?..     COROLLA.  3.     CDRDLLA   OPENED. 


VOL.  21  Milliken.  —  Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  19 

13.  Navarretia  heterodoxa  Greene.      Gilia  heterodoxa  Greene. 

Gilia  viscidula  var.  heterodoxa  Gray. 

Annual,  nearly  a  foot  high  and  much  branched,  puberulent, 
"clammy"  (Greene) ;  leaves  an  inch  long  or  less  and  quite _broad, 
bracts  as  broad  as  long  or  nearly  so,  all  the  foliage  pinnatifid  at 
the  base  and  nearly  entire  upward,  the  lobes  spinescent; 
flowers  in  many  small  heads;  calyx  two  lines  long  in  flower, 
lobes  extremely  slender,  equal,  pungent,  the  tube  split  by  the 
mature  capsule;  corolla  five  lines  long,  not  conspicuous,  lobes 
narrow,  blue,  stamens  exserted  and  declined;  capsule  one  line 
long,  oval,  very  thin  walled,  fourteen- seeded. 

Calistoga,  Napa  Co.,  E.  L.  Greene.  Howell  Mt.,  Napa  Co., 
W.  L.  Jepson.  New  Almaden,  Santa  Clara  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy. 

14.  Navarretia  filicaulis  Greene.     Gilia  filicaulis  Torr. 

Annual,  four  to  eight  inches  high,  branching,  stems  and 
branches  slender,  slightly  puberulent  but  scarcely  clammy;  leaves 
an  inch  or  two  long  near  the  base,  smaller  upward,  all  filiform, 
entire  or  with  a  pair  or  two  of  short  filiform  pinnae  at  the  very 
base;  bracts  dilated  at  the  base;  flowers  in  numerous  small 
heads,  on  leafy  peduncles  one-half  inch  long  or  more,  with  the 
long  spine-like  ends  of  the  bracts  exceeding  the  flowers;  calyx 
one  and  one-half  lines  long,  teeth  unequal  in  length  and  breadth, 
one  much  exceeding  the  others  in  both  dimensions,  and  two  very 
small,  all  entire;  corolla  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  dark  purple; 
stamens  and  pistil  much  exserted,  nearly  twice  the  corolla,  stig- 
mas long;  capsule  thin  walled,  one-celled  or  imperfectly  two- 
celled,  with  four  to  eight  seeds. 

Mariposa  Co.,  J.  W.  Congdon.  Gwin  Mine,  Calaveras  Co., 
W.  L.  Jepson.  Coif  ax,  Placer  Co.,  E.  L.  Greene.  Forest  Ranch, 
Butte  Co.,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce. 

15.  Navarretia  mitracarpa  Greene. 

Annual,  nearly  related  to  N.  filicaulis  but  not  so  slender, 
somewhat  glandular- viscid;  leaves  pinnatifid  below  and  toothed 
toward  the  apex;  calyx  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  tube  rigidly 
funnelform,  lobes  longer  than  the  tube,  three  of  them  toothed, 
the  other  two  smaller  and  entire ;  corolla  four  and  one-half  to  six 


20  I' »i versify  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

lines  long,  funuelforrn,  limb  two  lines  long,  lobes  and  throat 
about  equal,  usually  with  dark  spots  at  the  base  of  the  lobes; 
stamens  exserted,  declined  in  age;  capsule  acute  at  the  base 
where  the  dehiscence  begins,  continuing  half  way  up,  the  more 
obtuse  apex  prominently  four  angled,  one-seeded. 

Colusa  and  Lake  Cos.,  Mrs.  K.  Curran.  Knoxville  grade  to 
Lower  Lake,  Lake  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson. 

16.  Navarretia    divaricata  Greene.     Gilia   diraricatd  Torr.  in 

Gray.     Proc.  Am.  Acad.  viii,  270. 

Annual,  two  to  four  inches  high,  usually  branching  into  a 
plant  as  broad  as  high,  branches  slender,  sparsely  puberulent. 
bracts  white-pubescent;  leaves  few,  less  than  one  inch  long, 
entire  or  with  few  lax  divisions,  with  very  short,  white-cuspidate 
tips;  bracts  with  three  to  five  rigid,  acerose,  sharp-pointed, 
divaricate  divisions,  equalling  or  exceeding  the  flowers;  inflor- 
escence of  many  small  heads;  some  heads  almost  sessile,  others  on 
very  long  leafless  peduncles;  calyx  two  and  one-half  lines  long, 
lobes  entire,  acerose,  almost  awned;  corolla  minute,  exceeded  by 
the  longer  calyx  lobes,  tubular,  one-half  line  long,  light  purplish 
blue,  tube  persistent  about  the  mature  capsule;  stamens  and 
pistil  included  in  the  tube;  capsule  not  firm  when  mature, 
enclosed  by  the  corolla  tube,  seeds  three  to  six  in  each  cell. 

Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  at  6000  to  7000  feet  altitude,  Modoc  Co. 
to  Fresno  Co. 

17.  Navarretia  Breweri  Greene. 

« 
Annual,   two  to  four  inches  high,   branching,  stems  finely 

puberulent;  leaves  with  linear  rachis  and  long  acerose  pungent 
pinnae,  foliage  also  very  finel3r  puberulent;  flowers  in  rather 
loose  glomerules,  short  pedunculate;  calyx  three  and  one-half 
lines  long,  lobes  straight,  entire,  twice  the  tube,  slightly  une- 
qual; corolla  yellow,  not  exceeding  the  calyx;  stamens  longer 
than  the  corolla;  capsule  slightly  exceeding  the  calyx  tube. 
oblong,  two  seeds  in  each  cell. 

Big  Valley,  Modoc  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker  and  F.  Nutting.  Prosser 
Creek,  near  Truckee,  Nevada  Co.,  C.  F.  Sonne. 


VOL. 2]  Milliken. — California*  Polemoniaceae.  21 

18.  Navarretia  subuligera  Greene. 

Annual,  three  or  four  inches  high,  nearly  simple  and  but 
slightly  puberulent;  leaves  nearly  an  inch  long  with  linear  rachis, 
four  or  five  pair  of  acerose  pinnae,  the  terminal  one  long, ^rigid, 
bracts  with  broader  rachis,  sometimes  ovate  dilated,  pinnae 
spinose,  very  rigid,  usually  double,  divided  to  the  base,  or  two- 
or  three-parted;  calyx  three  lines  long,  two  lobes  much  longer 
and  broader  than  the  other  three;  corolla  tube  equalling  the 
calyx,  limb  small,  exserted. 

Type,  Amador  Co.,  M.  E.  Curran  in  the  California  Academy 
of  Sciences. 

19.  Navarretia  viscidula  Benth.     Gilia  viscidula  Gray. 

Annual,  from  one  to  eight  inches  high,  usually  branching, 
pubescent,  sometimes  viscid;  leaves  an  inch  or  two  long,  slender 
but  not  lax,  becoming  broader  upward,  rachis  serrated,  or  divided 
into  short,  setaceous  pinnae;  bracts  considerably  dilated  in  some 
cases;  flowers  in  medium  sized  terminal  heads;  calyx  three 
to  three  and  one-half  lines  long,  segments  lanceolate,  all  seta- 
ceous, two  of  them  toothed,  the  rest  entire;  corolla  twice  the 
calyx,  tube  exceeding  the  calyx  lobes  by  one-half  line,  gradually 
expanding  into  quite  an  ample,  yellow  throat,  lobes  broad  ovate, 
two  lines  long,  purple;  stamens  inserted  in  the  sinuses,  about 
equalling  the  corolla,  anthers  purple;  pistil  equalling  the  stamens; 
capsule  "normally  three  to  six  seeded"  (Greene). 

Common  in  the  hills  of  Napa,  Solano,  Marin  Cos.,  and  south 
to  San  Diego  Co. 

'10.  Navarretia  atractyloides  Hook,  and  Am.     AegocMoa  atrac- 

tyloides  Benth.  Gilia  atractyloides  Steud. 
Annual,  one  to  eight  inches  high,  the  larger  forms  diffusely 
branching,  puberulent  and  "viscid  heavy  scented"  (Greene); 
herbage  often  purplish ;  leaves  ovate-lanceolate  to  linear-lanceolate 
in  outline,  coriaceous  and  very  rigid,  with  several  long  entirely 
spinose  teeth;  flowers  in  small  terminal  and  axillary  clusters, 
hardly  capitate;  calyx  three  lines  long,  lobes  five,  unequal,  entire 
or  toothed,  tube  obscure;  corolla  four  to  five  lines  long,  dark 
purple,  open-funnelform,  limb  comparatively  ample;  stamens 


22  University  of  California  Publicalions.  [BOTANY 

inserted  in  the  upper  part  of   the  tube,   nearly  equalling  the 
lobes,  anthers  oval,  blue;   stigma  included. 

Valleys  of  central  and  Southern  California,  and  on  Santa 
Catalina  Island.  "Hybridizing  with  N.  viscidula  and  N.  pubes- 
cens  in  the  San  Joaquin  Valley"  (Greene). 

21.  Navarretia  foliacea  Greene. 

Annual;  leaves  very  broad,  foliaceous,  not  coriaceous  but 
very  rigid,  pinnae  not  wholly  spinescent  but  herbaceous  at  the 
base;  corollas  white,  small. 

Monterey  Co.  to  San  Diego  Co.  Claremont,  Los  Angeles  Co., 
H.  P.  Chandler.  Clay  soil,  mesas,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  S.  B. 
Parish.  Witch  Creek,  San  Diego  Co.,  R.  D.  Alderson. 

22.  Navarretia  hamata  Greene. 

Annual,  four  to  eight  inches  high,  rather  slender  and  diffusely 
branching,  very  rigid,  glandular-pubescent,  "aromatic"  (Greene) ; 
leaves  mostly  with  nearly  linear  rachis  and  several  spiuose  teeth, 
the  upper  three  teeth  more  or  less  recurved,  the  terminal  one 
often  hooked,  bracts  broad,  foliaceous,  and  spinescent-lobed; 
flowers  in  many  small  terminal  clusters  and  few  smaller 
axillary  ones;  calyx  segments  erect,  spinose- tipped,  one  or  two 
with  a  few  teeth;  corolla  five  to  six  lines  long,  salverform,  narrow 
tube  considerably  exserted,  lobes  one  and  one-half  lines  long,  the 
whole  deep  purple  and  proportionately  large ;  stamens  and  stigma 
included  in  the  tube;  capsule  globular,  small,  not  smooth,  seeds 
about  twelve,  minute,  angular. 

Monterey  Co.  to  San  Diego  Co.  Monterey  Co. ,  H .  P.  jUhandler, 
No.  378. 

GILIA,  Ruiz  &  PA  VON. 

Leaves  mostly  alternate,  either  entire  or  pinnately  lobed,  or 
toothed;  calyx  split  by  the  mature  capsule  even  when  somewhat 
accrescent,  scarious  below  the  sinuses,  segments  equal;  corolla 
not  strictly  salverform;  stamens  equally  inserted. 

This  genus  is  more  variable  than  the  others  in  general  habit 
and  there  are  exceptions  to  many  of  the  characters,  such  as  the 
alternate  leaves,  the  equality  of  the  insertion  of  the  stamens,  and, 


voi,.  2]  Mil  liken.  —  Californian  Polemoniaceae .  23 

i 

in  G.  multicaulis  and  related  species,  the  calyx  grows  considerably 
with  the  fruit,  and  may  not  be  split  by  it.  In  the  subgenus 
Aegochloa  there  is  irregularity  in  the  corolla. 

KEY    TO    THE    SPECIES. 

A.  Subgenus  Microsteria. — Leafy  to  the  top;  flowers  in  pairs  or  a  few 

in  a  cluster;  corolla  tubular-funnelform,  not  exceeding  one-half 
inch. 

a.  Leaves  all  entire,  lower  opposite;    flowers  in  pairs   on   unequal 

pedicels.  1.  G.  gracilis. 

b.  Leaves  all  entire;  plant  not  exceeding  three  inches;  flowers  two 

to  several  in  a  cluster;  calyx  densely  white -pubescent. 

2.   G.  depressa. 

c.  Leaves  alternate,  variously  lobed  and  divided ;  flowers  in  small 

clusters,  corolla   purple,   tubular-funnelform.    with  very   small 
lobes.  3.   G.  gilioides. 

d.  Leaves   alternate,    variously  lobed   and   divided;    corolla  white, 

salverform  to  funnelform,  limb  as  broad  as  long,  equalling  the 
tube.  4.   G.  Traskiae. 

B.  Subgenus  Eugilia. — Larger  leaves  at  the  base,  becoming  inconspicu- 

ous and  bract -like  toward  the  top;  flowers  single  in  an  open 
panicle. 

a.  Base  leaves  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  with  narrow  rachis ;  corolla 

tube   rarely  exceeding  the   calyx,    throat  and  lobes  broad  and 
short.  5.   G.  latiflora. 

b.  Leaves    nearly    one    inch    broad,    ovate -spatulate    with    dentate 

margins.  6.   G.  latifolia. 

c.  Base  leaves  usually  twice  pinnatifid,  with  narrow  rachis,  pedicels 

mostly    shorter    than    the    flowers;     corolla     funnelform,    tube 
slender,  attenuated.  7.   G.  tenuiflora. 

d.  Leaves  mostly   entire,    less    than   one    line   wide ;    corolla    dark 

purple.  8.   G.  leptalea. 

e.  Leaves  all  entire,  filiform ;  corolla  yellow.  9.   G.  filiformis. 

f.  Leaves  mostly  entire,  not  concentrated  at  the  base;  corolla  white. 

10.  G.  capillaris. 

g.  Leaves  in   basal   cluster,    strap-shaped  with   few  teeth;   corolla 

large,  funnelform,  dark  purple.  11.  G.  Davyi. 

h.  Leaves  in  basal  cluster,  strap -shaped  with  few  teeth;  corolla 

minute.  12.  G.  Itptomeria. 

i.  Leaves  in  basal  cluster,  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  corolla  about 

twice  the  calyx,  white  to  purple.  13.  G.  inconspicua. 

j.  Even  the  upper  leaves  pinnatifid;  corolla  tube  yellow,  lobes  deep 

blue.  14.  G.  diffusa. 

k.  Base  leaves  once  pinnatifid,  pinnae  obtusish;  corolla  yellow, 

tubular-funnelform.  15.   G.  ochroleuca. 

C.  Subgenus   Capitata — Leaves  twice   or  thrice  pinnately  divided  into 

linear  divisions,  not  concentrated  at  the  base;  flowers  in  more 
or  less  dense  clusters  on  naked  peduncles. 


24  University  of  California  Publication*.  [BOTANY 

a.  Inflorescence  of  small  loose  clusters;  calyx  mainly  herbaceous; 

corolla  tube  yellow,  throat  ample  with  dark  purple  markings, 
lobes  pale  purple  to  pinkish.  16.   G.  tricolor. 

b.  Inflorescence  of  small  loose  clusters;  calyx  mainly  herbaceous; 

corolla  with  dark  spots  at  the  base  of  the  lobes ;  plant  small  and 
glandular.  17.   G.  millifoliata. 

c.  Inflorescence  of  terminal    and    axillary    clusters,   few-flowered ; 

calyx  mainly  herbaceous ;  corolla  tubular-funnelform,  lobes  only 
one  line  long.  18.   G.  Nevinii. 

d.  Inflorescence  a  panicle,  and  flowers  solitary  on  long  and  short 

peduncles.  19.   G.  peduncularis . 

e.  Inflorescence  of  loose  head-like  clusters;    calyx  almost  entirely 

herbaceous;  corolla  less  than  one-half  inch  long,  dark  blue. 

20.   G.  multicaulis. 

f.  Inflorescence  of  large,  rather  loose  clusters ;  calyx  mainly  hyaline ; 

corolla  one-half  to  three-fourths  inch   long,    funnelform   with 
abrupt  dilation.  21.   G.  abrotanifolia . 

g.  Inflorescence   of  dense   heads;   calyx  as  broad   as   long,   chiefly 

hyaline;  corolla  bright  blue,  throat  abruptly  dilated;  stamens 
much  exserted.  22.   G.  Chamissonis. 

h.  Inflorescence  large  conglomerate  clusters,  more  or  less  woolly- 
pubescent;  corolla  throat  very  abruptly  dilated,  ample,  pale, 
lobes  blue;  stamens  little  exserted.  23.  achilleae  folia . 

i.  Inflorescence  small,  capitate;  corolla  light  blue  to  white,  throat 
abruptly  dilated  but  not  ample,  lobes  slender;  stamens  white, 
much  exserted.  24.  G.  staminea. 

j.  Inflorescence  small,  capitate;  corolla  light  blue,  slender  through- 
out; stamens  equal  to  or  shorter  than  the  lobes. 

25.   G.  capitata. 

D.  Subgenus   Ipomopsis. — Biennial;   inflorescence  thyrsoid-paniculate ; 

flowers  yellow  to  red,  showy.  26.   G.  aggregata. 

E.  Subgenus  Elaphocera. — Biennial  or  short-lived  perennial,   woolly; 

leaves  short  and  pinnatifid,  pinnae  and  rachis  broad  and  lax; 
flowers  capitate-congested.  27.   G,  congesta. 

F.  Subgenus   Hugelia. — Erect   and    rigid,   white-woolly  at  least  when 

young;  leaves  narrow-linear  with  few  linear  divisions;  stamens 
always  exserted,  anthers  sagittate.  , 

a.  Boot  perennial,  stems  woody;   leaves  rigid  with  few  very  short 

divisions;  inflorescence  large.  28.   G.  densifolia. 

b.  Root  annual  or  biennial;  leaves  less  rigid  wTith  few  lax  divisions; 

inflorescence  small  scattered  clusters.  29.   G.  virgata. 

c.  Annual ;   leaves  mostly  entire   and  filiform ;   flowers   solitary   or 

two  to  three  in  a  cluster,  white  with  narrow  dark  spots  in  the 
throat.  30.   G.  sparsiflora. 

d.  Annual;  corolla  sulphur-yellow.  31.   G.  lutescens. 

G.  Subgenus  Leptodactylon. — Phlox-like,  rigid  perennials,  with  alter- 

nate three -parted  leaves,  more  or  less  fascicled  in  the  axils. 
a.  Two  to  five  feet  high;    corolla  salverform,  more  than  one  inch 
long  with  nearly  equal  breadth  of  limb.  32.   G.  Calif ornica. 


VOL.  2]  MiUikoi.  —  Calif  or  nian  Polemoniaceac .  25 

b.  Plant  not  exceeding  two  feet;  corolla  funnelform,  not  exceeding 
one  inch.  33.   G.  pungens. 

H.  Subgenus  Langloisia. — Rigid  low  annuals  of  the  desert;  leaves  pin- 
nately  divided,  some  of  the  pinnae  reduced  to  bristles;  flowers 
scattered,  solitary,  without  bracts;  calyx  tube  splitting  to  the 
base. 

a.  Leaves  with  narrow  raehis  enlarging  gradually  toward  the  apex ; 
corolla  bilabiate. 

1.  Corolla   only  slightly  irregular,   lobes  much   shorter  than  the 

tube.  34.   G.  Scholtii. 

2.  Corolla  very  irregular,  lobes  equalling  the  tube. 

35.  G.  Mattheirsii. 
l>.  Leaves  abruptly  dilated  at  the  apex;  corolla  regular. 

36.  G.  setosissima. 

1.   Gilia  gracilis  Hook.    Collomia  gracilis  Dongl.     Phlox  gracilis 
Greene. 

A  variable  annual,  an  inch  to  'a  span  high,  simple  or  dif- 
fusely branching,  entirely  covered  with  fine  pubescence  and 
some  glandular  hairs;  leaves  all  entire,  opposite  below,  becoming 
alternate  above,  averaging  an  inch  in  length  and  two  to  three 
lines  in  width;  inflorescence  mostly  two-flowered  in  the  axils, 
flowers  on  equal  pedicels;  calyx  three  to  four  lines  long,  very 
slender,  ribs  closely  approximated  in  the  flowering  stage,  slender 
.lobes  equalling  or  exceeding  the  tube;  corolla  usually  very 
slightly  exceeding  the  calyx  by  the  tiny  spreading  limb,  tube 
very  slender,  equalling  the  calyx  or  slightly  exceeding  it,  white 
or  yellow,  limb  rotate,  dark  blue  or  purple;  stamens  unequally 
inserted  above  the  center  of  the  tube,  filaments  very  short, 
anthers  narrowly  oblong;  capsule  round  to  oval,  seeds  one  in 
each  cell. 

From  San  Diego  Co.  to  Modoc  Co.,  both  in  the  Sierra  Nevada 
Mts.  and  the  Coast  Ranges. 

2.  Gilia  depressa  M.  E.  Jones. 

Annual,  one  to  three  inches  high,  branched,  roughish 
pubescent;  leaves  few,  alternate,  linear  to  narrow-lanceolate, 
mucronate-tipped,  bracts  broader  lanceolate,  but  more  acute, 
and  cuspidate-tipped;  inflorescence  with  two  to  several  flowers  in 
a  cluster;  calyx  about  two  lines  long,  very  densely  white-pubes- 
cent, lobes  acerose,  very  acute,  almost  awned,  recurved,  nearly 


26  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

equalling  the  tube;  corolla  white,  little  exceeding  the  calyx  lobes, 
oval,  short;  "stamens  inserted  above  the  middle  of  the  tube  and 
slightly  exserted"  (Gray);  capsule  oval,  shorter  than  the  calyx, 
"seeds  in  each  cell  four  to  five"  (Gray),  two  in  each  cell  in 
specimens  from  Dry  Lake  near  Rabbit  Springs,  Mojave  Desert, 
collected  by  S.  B.  and  W.  F.  Parish. 
Argus  Mts.,  Inyo  Co.,  C.  A.  Purpus. 

3.  Gilia    gilioides    Greene.    Collomia    gilioides    Benth.      Gilia 

glutinosa  Gray.     Gilia  divaricata  Nutt. 

Annual,  four  inches  to  two  feet  high,  pubescent,  with  long 
white  hairs  at  right  angles  to  the  stem,  glutinous,  usually 
branching;  leaves  variable,  from  a  few  lines  to  three  inches  in 
length,  entire  to  three-parted,  or  pinnatifid,  with  several  pairs  of 
pinnae,  divisions  broad-lanceolate,  to  narrowly  linear;  inflores- 
cence single  or  two-  to  three-flowered,  subsessile  and  bracted,  or 
on  quite  long  pedicels;  calyx  about  three  lines  long,  slender, 
lobes  acerose,  equalling  the  tube,  hairy;  corolla  tubular,  twice  or 
more  than  twice  the  calyx,  white  to  purple,  lobes  very  short,  not 
spreading;  stamens  irregularly  inserted  in  the  tube,  filaments 
sometimes  equalling  the  tube,  anthers  round,  blue;  stigma  blue, 
included;  capsule  globular,  splitting  the  calyx,  one  seed  in  each 
cell. 

Los  Angeles  Co.,  A.  Davidson.  Modoc  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker. 
At  intervening  stations  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  and  Coast  Range 
Mts.  (Plate  1.) 

4.  Gilia  Traskiae  Eastwood,  MSS. 

Annual,  a  span  to  a  foot  high,  branching;  stems  arid  inflores- 
cence very  glandular-viscid,  foliage  less  so;  leaves  a  few  lines  to 
three  inches  in  length,  variously  toothed,  lobed  or  divided, 
usually  pinnatifid,  the  pinnae  with  few  teeth  or  lobes,  lobes 
obtusish  and  mucronate-tipped;  flowers  solitary  or  in  small 
clusters,  sessile  or  on  pedicels  shorter  than,  or  twice  the 
length  of  the  corolla;  calyx  one  to  two  lines  long,  open-funnel- 
form  to  campanulate,  broadish,  lobes  green,  longer  than  the  tube 
which  is  almost  entirely  herbaceous;  corolla  white,  salverform  to 
funnelform,  narrow  tube  not  longer  than  the  calyx,  limb  equal- 


VOL.  2]  Milliken.  —  Californian  Polemoniaceae.  27 

ling  the  tube  and  as  broad  as  long;  stamens  protruding  just 
beyond  the  throat,  anthers  large,  blue;  capsule  globular,  slightly 
exceeding  the  calyx  tube,  splitting  it. 

Nearly  related  to  G.  gilioides,  differing  in  the  open  calyx  and 
salverform  corolla  with  the  broad  limb  equalling  the  tube.  ~  Santa 
Catalina  Island,  collected  by  Mrs.  Blanche  Trask,  May,  1896 
and  May,  1897,  the  latter  the  type.  Also  collected  by  T.  S. 
Brandegee  on  the  island,  May,  1891. 

5.  Gilia  latiflora  Gray.     Oilia  tenuiflora  var.  latiflora  Gray. 

Annual,  a  span  to  fifteen  inches  high,  branching,  nearly 
glabrous  below,  glandular  above;  leaves  mostly  basal,  an  inch  or 
two  long,  once  pinnatifid,  rachis  narrow  linear,  lobes  of  about 
the  same  width,  three  to  five  lines  long;  upper  leaves  becoming 
entire  and  bract-like;  inflorescence  a  loose  panicle,  pedicels 
usually  shorter  than  the  flower;  calyx  one  to  two  lines  long 
in  fruit,  scarious  between  the  ribs,  lobes  very  short,  trian- 
gular, sometimes  growing  to  equal  the  capsule,  again  much 
shorter,  finally  splitting  at  the  sinuses;  corolla  four  to  six  lines 
long,  tube  included,  or  very  little  exceeding  the  calyx,  abruptly 
dilating  into  the  ample  throat  which  is  yellow  below  and  purple 
above,  sometimes  yellow  with  purple  markings,  lobes  obovate, 
purple  to  white;  stamens  inserted  in  the  sinuses,  filaments  very 
short,  anthers  round;  stigma  equalling  the  lobes  of  the  corolla; 
capsule  short,  oval,  many  seeded. 

San  Bernardino,  San  Jacinto,  San  Antonio  and  Santa  Ana 
Mts.,  Southern  California.  Modoc  Co.,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce. 
(Plate  4.) 

Var.  exilis  Gray.  More  slender  than  the  species,  many 
flowers  on  capillary  pedicels  an  inch  or  more  long;  corolla  small. 

San  Jacinto  Mt.,  5000  feet.  Not  uncommon  through  the 
Southern  California  mountains. 

6.  Gilia  latifolia  S.  Watson. 

Annual,  four  to  eight  inches  high,  branching  but  not  pro- 
fusely; glandular- viscid  throughout;  leaves  one  to  three  inches 
long,  sometimes  limited  to  the  base  of  the  plant,  broadly  ovate 
spatulate,  tapering  into  a  short  petiole  or  sessile,  margins 


28  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

dentate,  teeth  prominent,  spiuose  prolongations  of  the  veins  of 
the  blade;  inflorescence  a  loose  panicle,  with  minute  setaceous 
bracts;  calyx  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  with  rounded  base, 
and  cylindrical  tube,  lobes  nearly  or  quite  as  long  as  the  tube, 
setaceous;  corolla  funnelform,  about  three  lines  long,  "light 
pink"  (Watson),  proper  tube  one  line  long,  throat  one  and  one- 
half  lines,  lobes  ovate,  acute,  one  and  one-half  lines  long;  stamens 
inserted  at  the  top  of  the  tube,  unequal,  anthers  oblong,  those  of 
the  longest  filaments  slightly  exceeding  the  throat;  style 
included;  capsule  equalling  the  calyx,  distending  it  and  finally 
splitting  the  hyaline  tube;  seeds  many  in  each  cell,  black. 

In  deserts  near  Keeler,  Tnyo  Co.,  Coville  and  Funston. 
Owens  Valley,  Inyo  Co.,  G.  P.  Rixford.  Waterman's,  Mojave 
Desert,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  Mrs.  K.  Brandegee. 

7.  Gilia  tenuiflora  Benth. 

Annual,  a  span  to  twenty  inches  tall,  slender  with  simple 
stem  and  loosely,  paniculately  branching  inflorescence,  glabrous 
or  nearly  so  below,  glandular  upward;  largest  leaves  toward  the 
base,  one  to  three  inches  long,  often  in  a  single  basal  cluster, 
rachis  very  narrowly  linear,  bipinnatifid;  inflorescence  a  loose 
panicle,  pedicels  from  very  short  to  eight  lines  long,  slender; 
calyx  not  exceeding  two  lines  in  the  flowering  stage,  white- 
scarious  between  the  ribs,  lobes  shorter  than  the  tube,  acute, 
somewhat  accrescent  but  never  equalling  the  mature  capsule; 
corolla  four  lines  to  one  inch  long,  slender-funnelform,  tube 
purple  in  the  upper  part,  very  slender,  long-exserted,  gradually 
enlarging  into  the  pale  yellow  throat,  lobes  ovate  with  broadly 
acute  apex;  filaments  inserted  just  below  the  sinuses,  about  half 
as  long  as  the  lobes,  anthers  round;  stigmas  equalling  the  lobes; 
capsule  oblong,  two  to  four  lines  long  with  many  seeds. 

Menifee,  Riverside  Co.,  Alice  King.  Bear  Valley,  San 
Bernardino  Co.,  S.  B.  Parish.  Elsewhere  in  Southern  Cali- 
fornia and  as  far  north  as  Monterey  Co. 

Var.  altissima  Parish.  A  high  altitude  variety,  very  slender, 
with  conspicuous  black  tack- glands  on  the  pedicels  of  the  inflo- 
rescence. 


VOL.  2]  Mi  Hike)!.  —  California^  Polemoniaceae.  29 

Aliso  Canon  and  Mt.  Gleason  Summit,  Los  Angeles  Co., 
J.  H.  Barber.  San  Jacinto  Mt.,  Riverside  Co.,  5250  feet, 
H.  M.  Hall.  Foothills  near  San  Bernardino,  Parish. 

Var.  Purpusii.  Between  G.  latiflora  and  G.  tenuiflora;  a  span 
high;  leaves  and  lower  stem  white- woolly,  the  upper  branches  and 
the  inflorescence  pubescent  with  black  gland-tipped,  short  hairs; 
calyx  one  and  one-half  lines  long,  white,  hyaline  spaces  replicate 
in  flower ; corolla  "pink"  (C.  A.  Purpus) ,  throat  appearing  yellow, 
three-fourths  inch  long,  the  tube  fully  six  lines  long  and  perfectly 
cylindrical,  abruptly  expanding  into  the  very  short  throat,  lobes 
two  lines  long,  narrow-ovate;  stamens  and  pistil  equalling  the 
corolla. 

Openings  in  groves  of  Pinus  Jeffreyi,  Mount  Hockett  Meadows, 
Tulare  Co.,  C.  A.  Purpus.  Indicated  as  a  species  by  Miss  East- 
wood in  the  Herb,  of  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences. 

8.  Gilia  leptalea  Green.     Collomia  leptalea  Gray. 

Annual,  from  a  few  inches  to  a  foot  high,  nearly  glabrous  to 
slightly  glandular-pubescent,  branching  in  an  effuse  panicle; 
leaves  usually  entire,  an  inch  long  at  the  base  of  the  stem 
becoming  bract-like  upward,  very  narrow,  less  than  one  line 
wide;  flowers  solitary  on  capillary  pedicels  from  two  lines 
to  one  inch  in  length;  calyx  one  to  two  lines  long,  slender, 
almost  cylindrical,  ribs  and  lobes  often  blue;  corolla  dark 
reddish,  at  least  with  reddish  purple  markings  in  the  throat, 
from  one-third  to  three-fourths  inch  in  length,  slender-funnel- 
form,  proper  tube  equalling  the  calyx,  throat  two  to  three  lines 
long  and  lobes  as  long  as  the  throat;  stamens  unequal,  some 
included,  some  exserted;  style  included;  capsule  ovate,  about 
equalling  the  calyx,  seeds  three  in  each  cell. 

Sierra  Nevada  Mts.,  from  Shasta  and  Lassen  Cos.  south  to 
Fresno  Co.  Wawona,  MariposaCo.,  Alice  Eastwood.  Yosemite 
Valley,  W.  Brown.  Lake  Tahoe,  S.  L.  Berry:  Baker's  Camp, 
Trinity  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood.  Humboldt  Co.,  Chesnut  and 
Drew.  Pine  Ridge,  Fresno  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall  and  H.  P. 
Chandler. 


30  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

9.  Gilia  filiformis  Parry. 

Annual,  a  span  high  or  less,  effusely  branched,  nearly  gla- 
brous, a  few  glands;  leaves  all  entire  and  filiform,  an  inch  long 
or  less,  the  lower  opposite,  the  upper  mostly  alternate;  flowers 
solitary,  scattered,  on  filiform  pedicels  varying  from  one  line 
to  one  and  one-half  inches;  calyx  one  to  two  lines  long, 
open-campanulate  in  the  flower  but  closing  about  the  capsule, 
tube  almost  none,  lobes  narrowly  subulate;  corolla  twice  the 
calyx,  yellow,  campanulate,  tube  short,  lobes  notched,  t)blong, 
truncate;  stamens  and  style  very  short;  capsule  oval,  equal  to 
the  calyx,  seeds  several  ( ? ) . 

Panamint  Mts.,  Southern  California,  "Death  Valley  Expe- 
dition," Coville  and  Funston,  1891. 

10.  Gilia  capillaris  Kellogg. 

Annual,  a  span  to  a  foot  high,  branched,  branches  typically 
ascending;  glandular  and  slightly  viscid;  leaves  an  inch  or  less 
long  and  one  to  three  lines  wide,  mostly  entire,  not  concen- 
trated at  the  base;  flowers  solitary,  pedicels  usually  not  longer 
than  the  flowers;  calyx  one  to  two  lines  long,  slender  in  the 
flower,  lobes  somewhat  recurved;  corolla  white  or  white  and 
purple,  twice  the  calyx,  tubular-funnelform,  lobes  a  line  or  less 
long;  stamens  included  in  the  tube,  anthers  round,  "blue" 
(Kellogg);  style  also  included;  capsule  oval,  nearly  equalling 
the  calyx  lobes,  seeds  three  in  each  cell. 

Red  Mt.,  Mendocino  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood.  Below  Silver 
Lake,  Amador  Co.,  Geo.  Hansen.  Siskiyou  Co.,  Mrs.  K.  Bran- 
degee.  Modoc  Co.,  Mrs.  R.  M.  Austin.  Same  place,  M.  S. 
Baker  and  P.  Nutting.  Placer  Co.,  C.  F.  Sonne.  Same  place, 
A.  M.  Carpenter. 

11.  Gilia  Davyi. 

Annual,  a  span  to  one  foot  high,  branching  from  the  base  or 
with  simple  stem  and  bracteate  and  branched  inflorescence; 
glandular-pubescent  above,  glabrous  at  the  base;  leaves  prin- 
cipally in  a  basal  cluster,  an  inch  or  two  long,  with  strap- 
shaped  rachis  two  to  three  and  one-half  lines  broad,  saliently 
toothed,  teeth  broad,  cuspidate  tipped;  flowers  scattered,  pedicels 


UNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.  BOX.  VOL.  2. 


[MILLIKEN]  PLATE  5. 


GILIA  DAVYI. 

1.     ENTIRE   PLANT.  2.     FLOWER.  3       COROLLA  OPENED.          4.     BASAL  LEAF. 


VOL.  2]  Millikcti. — Californian  Polemoniacea*.  31 

not  exceeding  one  inch,  usually  not  exceeding  the  calyx; 
flowers  sometimes  fragrant,  calyx  two  to  three  lines  long,  lobes 
short,  scarious  spaces  between  the  ribs  conspicuous;  calyx 
becoming  larger  in  fruit,  the  lobes  equalling  the  capsule,  but 
finally  splitting  at  the  sinuses;  corolla  usually  one-half  mch  long 
or  more,  tube  cylindrical,  yellow  at  the  base  and  purple  at  the 
top,  little  or  much  exceeding  the  calyx,  ample  throat  purple  at 
the  base,  white  at  the  top  with  yellow  markings,  lobes  broad, 
ovate,  purple;  stamens  inserted  in  the  sinuses,  about  one-half 
as  long  as  the  lobes,  anthers  round,  yellow;  stigmas  purple, 
nearly  equalling  the  lobes;  capsule  three  to  four  lines  long, 
smaller  at  the  apex  than  at  the  base,  pitted  seeds  many  in  each 
cell. 

Antelope  Valley,  Southern  California,  J.  B.  Daw,  No.  2178. 
Winchester,  Riverside  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall.  The  type  specimen 
is  in  the  Herb,  of  the  University  of  California,  collected  by  Mr. 
Davy  and  named  by  him  to  indicate  its  fragrance  which  char- 
acter does  not  prove  to  be  constant.  (Plate  5). 

12.  Gilia  leptomeria  Gray. 

Coming  between  G.  Davyi  and  G.  iuconspicua  is  this  rare 
California  species,  with  strap- shaped,  toothed  leaves  similar  to 
G.  Davyi  and  very  small  corollas  usually  less  exserted  and  with 
smaller  lobes  than  G.  inconspicua. 

Kingman,  Arizona,  N.  Wilson.  Type  locality,  mountain 
valleys  of  Nevada  and  Utah.  Byrne's  Spring,  San  Bernardino 
Co.,  S.  B.  Parish. 

13.  Gilia  inconspicua  Dougl. 

Annual,  a  span  to  two  feet  high,  branching  profusely  from 
the  base,  or  with  one  straight  stem  branching  into  a  bracted 
inflorescence;  stems  glabrous  below,  leaves  slightly  puberulent, 
stems  of  the  inflorescence  minutely  glandular;  leaves  one  to 
two  and  one-half  inches  long  at  the  base  of  the  stem,  pin- 
natifid  and  the  pinnae  three  to  eight  lines  long,  usually  again 
pinnatifid  or  toothed;  flowers  loosely  panicled,  pedicels  not 
exceeding  one  inch,  usually  much  shorter;  calyx  one  to  two  lines 
long  in  the  flower,  lobes  equal  to  or  shorter  than  the  tube,  scari- 
ous between  the  ribs,  in  age  very  slightly  accrescent,  usually 


32  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

only  one-half  as  long  as  the  capsule,  finally  splitting  at  the 
sinuses;  corolla  three  to  four  lines  long,  funnelform,  from  white 
to  purple,  with  yellow  throat,  tube  included  or  slightly  exserted, 
lobes  roundish  with  broadly  acute  apex;  stamens  inserted  almost 
in  the  sinuses,  filaments  very  short,  anthers  round;  stigmas 
equal  to  or  exceeding  the  lobes;  capsule  oval  to  oblong,  many 
seeded. 

San  Bernardino  Co.,  S.  B.  and  W.  F.  Parish.  Colorado 
Desert,  San  Diego  Co.,  W.  G.  Wright. 

Var.  sinuata  Gray.  Flowers  two  or  three  times  as  large  as 
those  of  the  species,  the  tube  considerably  exserted. 

Strawberry  Valley,  San  Jaciiito  Mts.,  Riverside  Co.,  H.  M. 
Hall. 

14.  Gilia  diffusa  Congdou. 

From  the  meager  material  at  hand  this  species  cannot  be 
accurately  described.  It  appears  to  be  nearly  related  to  G. 
inconspicua,  but  is  smaller,  more  diffusely  branching,  and  even 
the  upper  leaves  are  pinnately  divided  into  linear  segments; 
corolla  at  least  twice  the  calyx,  yellow  below  and  deep  blue 
above. 

New  Coulterville  Road,  Mariposa  Co.,  J.  W.  Congdon.  See 
original  description,  Erythea,  VII,  186. 

15.  Gilia  ochroleuca  Jones. 

Annual,  about  one  span  high,  branching  cymosely  above, 
glabrous  except  the  glandular  pubescence  on  the  base  of  the 
pedicels;  leaves  mostly  basal,  becoming  small  and  bract-like 
upward,  pinnatifid,  pinnae  obtnsish;  inflorescence  of  very  loose 
cymes,  pedicels  capillary,  aboiit  six  lines  long;  calyx  tubular, 
one  line  long,  white  hyaline  spaces  conspicuous,  lobes  minute, 
subulate;  corolla  yellow,  tubular-funnelform,  about  twice  the 
calyx  (two  lines  long),  lobes  with  five  broad,  triangular  teeth; 
stamens  and  style  included;  capsule  equalling  the  calyx,  splitting 
it,  "seeds  developing  mucilage  and  spiricles  differing 

thus  from  G.  micromeria  of  Gray,  also  in  the  glandular  pedicels, 
and  funnelform,  tubular,  and  longer  corolla"  (Jones) . 


VOL.  21  Milliken.  —  Calif  or  nia-n  Polenwuiaceae.  33 

Growing  in  sand  on  Darwin  Mesa,  Inyo  Co.  Argus  Mts., 
Inyo  Co.,  at  5000  feet  altitude.  Erskine  Creek,  Desert  Region 
of  Southern  California,  C.  A.  Purpus. 

16.  Gilia  tricolor  Benth. 

Annual,  a  span  to  one  foot  high,  puberulent,  simple,  or 
branching;  leaves  an  inch  or  two  long  at  the  base,  becoming 
smaller  upward,  once  or  twice  piunatifid,  rachis  and  divisions 
very  slender  and  lax ;  inflorescence  of  small  clusters  of  few  flowers 
or  single;  calyx  two  to  four  lines  long  in  flower,  mainly  herba- 
ceous, margins  of  the  broad  ribs  often  dark  blue  or  purple,  lobes 
acute,  equal  to  or  shorter  than  the  tube,  slightly  accrescent  in 
fruit,  but  nearly  equalled  by  the  capsule;  corolla  six  to  eight 
lines  long,  salverform,  tube  short,  included,  yellow,  throat  large, 
yellow  with  very  dark  purple  markings,  lobes  broad  ovate,  pink 
to  purple;  stamens  inserted  at  the  sinuses,  filaments  about  one 
line  long,  anthers  oval;  capsule  oblong,  nearly  equalling  the 
calyx,  seeds  many. 

Foothills  of  the  Coast  Ranges  from  Shasta  Co.  to  San  Luis 
Obispo  Co.  Foothills  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  from  Shasta 
Co.  to  Tulare  Co.  Mojave  Desert,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  according 
to  A.  Davidson.  Marysville  Buttes,  Sutter  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson. 
Elk  Grove,  Sacramento  Co.,  E.  R.  Drew. 

17.  Gilia  millefoliata  Fisch.  and  Mey. 

Annual,  three  to  eight  inches  high,  simple  or  with  few 
1  tranches,  glandular- viscid:  leaves  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  with 
many  narrow  pinnae;  inflorescence  one  to  few-flowered;  calyx 
mainly  herbaceous;  corolla  four  to  five  lines  long,  funnelform, 
with  dark  markings  in  the  throat;  running  into  G.  multicaulis. 

Humboldt  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler,  and  southward  all  along  the 
coast  to  Monterey  Co. 

18.  Gilia  Nevinii  Gray. 

Annual,  from  two  inches  to  one  foot  high,  simple  or  branch- 
ing, glandular-pubescent,  often  canesceiit,  making  the  foliage 
very  gray;  leaves  crowded  at  the  base,  typically  thrice  pin- 
nately  divided,  the  pinnae  and  rachis  very  narrow;  inflorescence 
of  terminal  or  axillary  clusters  of  few  flowers,  on  few-bracted 


34  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

peduncles;  calyx  two  to  three  lines  long,  in  flower,  mainly  herba- 
ceous, hyaline  spaces  very  narrow,  lobes  shorter  than  the  tube, 
triangular-subulate;  corolla  tubular-funnelform,  bright  blue  to 
purple,  twice  the  calyx,  lobes  only  one  line  long,  not  spreading; 
stamens  and  style  included;  capsule  about  equalling  the  calyx 
tube,  many-seeded. 

Islands  off  the  coast  of  California  and  Lower  California. 
Guadalupe  Island,  F.  Franceschi,  winters  of  1892  and  1893. 

19.  Gilia  peduncularis  Eastwood  in  herb. 

Closely  related  to  G.  nmlticaulis  but  much  more  slender  and 
lower,  usually  much  branched,  glabrous  below;  inflorescence  a 
loose  panicle,  slightly  pubescent,  flowers  solitary  on  slender 
pedicels  varying  from  three  lines  to  six  inches;  calyx  lobes 
slender,  subulate,  as  long  as  the  tube;  corolla  broad-funnel- 
form,  blue  with  white  tube,  little  exceeding  the  calyx;  stamens 
included. 

Dutard's  Ranch  and  Olano  Creek,  near  the  boundary 
between  Santa  Barbara  and  San  Luis  Obispo  Cos.  Alice 
Eastwood,  the  former  the  type.  Santa  Margarita. 

20.  Gilia  multicaulis  Benth.     G.  achilleaefolia  Lindl. 

Annual,  four  inches  to  three  feet  high,  branching  profusely 
from  the  base  or  simple,  puberulent,  especially  the  inflorescence, 
which  is  also  glandular;  leaves  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  an  inch 
or  two  long  at  the  base,  cauline  leaves  sometimes  large,  usually 
becoming  small  and  simple,  all  soft  and  lax;  inflorescence  of 
small  terminal  clusters,  never  a  compact  head,  sometimes  single- 
flowered;  pedicels  usually  evident,  especially  in  fruit;  calyx  two 
to  three  and  one-half  lines  long  in  flower,  mainly  herbaceous, 
cylindrical  lobes  equalling  or  shorter  than  the  tube,  ere'ct,  finally 
growing  to  exceed  the  capsule  in  length  but  distended  and  finally 
splitting  at  the  sinuses;  corolla  three  to  seven  lines  long,  twice 
or  thrice  the  calyx,  open-funnelform  to  salverform,  tube  in- 
cluded, throat  and  lobes  broad,  dark  blue  or  purple;  stamens 
inserted  in  the  throat,  equalling  or  shorter  than  the  lobes; 
stigmas  exserted;  capsule  oblong,  many-seeded. 

In  the  foothills  throughout  western  California.     (Plate  4.) 


VOL. 2.]  Milliken.  —  Californian  Polemoniaceae.  35 

Var.  detonsa  Gray.  A  depauperate  form  from  dry  hills  and 
poor  soil,  glomerule  more  loosely  three-  to  five-flowered  or  only 
one. 

Found  small  and  one-flowered  in  the  Berkeley  hills,  Alameda 
Co.,  in  the  same  square  yard  with  large  five-floweretl  forms. 
San  Luis  Obispo  Co.,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Summers. 

Var.  eximia.  Annual,  six  inches  to  one  foot  high,  pubescence 
white- woolly  on  the  petioles,  close  and  long  on  the  calyces;  calyx 
three  lines  long,  quite  broad,  herbaceous  ribs  projecting  beyond 
the  tube  in  lanceolate  acute  lobes  one  line  long,  spaces  between 
purple  to  red,  hyaline,  conspicuous;  corolla  tube  one  and  one- 
half  lines  long,  white,  throat  two  lines  long,  open-funnelform, 
lobes  two  lines  long,  ovate,  somewhat  acute,  they  and  the  throat 
deep  purple. 

Evergreen,  Santa  Clara  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy,  1883.  San  Luis 
Obispo  Co.,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Summers,  1892. 

Var.  alba.  Annual,  in  general  habit  like  delicate  forms  of 
G.  multicaulis  but  differing  in  the  following  respects:  entire 
plant  glabrous ;  calyx  distinctly  hyaline  between  the  ribs ;  corolla 
pure  white  throughout,  tubular-funnelform,  and  but  slightly 
exceeding  the  calyx. 

Type,  Los  Gatos,  Santa  Clara  Co.,  A.  L.  Jaggar. 

21.  Gilia  abrotanifolia  Nutt.,  Erythea,  iii,  104. 

Annual,  tall,  glabrous,  or  glandular-pubescent,  with  few 
branches  or  simple;  leaves  bi-  and  tri-pinnately  dissected;  in- 
florescence large,  a  rather  open  cluster,  on  a  long  naked  peduncle; 
calyx  mainly  hyaline,  only  the  ribs  and  lobes  herbaceous,  long 
and  narrow;  corrolla  deep  blue,  half  to  three-quarter- inch  long 
and  funnelform,  not  abruptly  dilated;  lobes  oblong;  stamens 
shorter  than,  or  equalling  the  corolla  lobes;  style  often  much 
exserted;  capsule  long-oblong. 

Claremont,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler.  San  Luis 
Obispo  Co.,  Mrs.  Blochman.  Not  uncommon  in  Southern 
California. 

22.  Gilia  Chamissonis  Greene. 

Annual,  a  span  to  two  feet  high,  simple  or  branched,  glabrous 
or  puberulent ;  inflorescence  on  long  naked  peduncles  in  crowded 


' 
36  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

terminal  clusters;  leaves  large  at  the  base  of  the  stem,  two  to 
three  and  a  half  inches  long,  bi-  or  tri-pinnatifid,  rachis  and 
divisions  all  slender,  linear;  calyx  one  and  a  half  to  two  lines 
long,  nearly  as  broad  in  the  middle,  the  tips  short-pointed, 
connivent  before  and  after  flowering,  tube  mainly  hyaline,  ribs 
often  blue  or  purple  instead  of  green;  corolla  deep  blue  through- 
out, twice  or  thrice  the  calyx,  throat  broad,  abruptly  dilating 
from  the  cylindrical  tube,  but  not  as  conspicuously  so  as  in  G. 
achilleaefolia;  stamens  inserted  in  the  sinuses,  much  exserted, 
anthers  yellow;  stigmas  short  but  much  exserted. 

San  Francisco  Bay  region,  and  south  to  Monterey  Co.  on  the 
sandy  coasts.     Above  Copperopolis,  Calaveras  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy 
approaching  G.  staminea. 

23.  Gilia  achilleaefolia  Benth. 

Annual,  a  span  to  two  feet  high,  branching  or  simple,  glabrous 
or  nearly  so,  except  the  inflorescence  which  is  more  or  less 
densely  white- woolly;  leaves  two  or  three  inches  long  at  the  base 
of  the  stem,  bipinnatifid,  upper  leaves  smaller  and  once  pinna- 
tifid;  inflorescence  terminal  on  long  naked  peduncles,  a  dense 
cymose  cluster,  not  strictly  a  head,  often  elongated;  calyx  two 
to  three  lines  long,  mainly  hyaline,  lobes  short- triangular,  very 
acute,  not  accrescent  in  fruit;  corolla  with  a  cylindrical  tube  one 
to  two  lines  long,  white,  throat  very  abruptly  dilated,  short  and 
broad,  lobes  broad  and  spreading,  blue;  stamens  inserted  at  the 
sinuses  but  slightly  exserted,  anthers  yellow;  stigmas  long  and 
exserted;  capsule  round  or  oval,  several- seeded. 

San  Diego  Co.  to  San  Joaquin  Co.  in  the  foothills,  not  on 
the  sandy  coast.  This  is  G.  achilleaefolia  Benth.  according  to 
J.  D.  Hooker,  "Botanical  Magazine,"  t.  5939;  not  G.  achilleae- 
folia Benth.  according  to  W.  J.  Hooker,  "Botanical  Magazine," 
t.  3440  which  is  Gray's  G.  multicaulis,  also  Greene's.  (Plate  4.) 

24.  Gilia  staminea  Greene. 

Annual,  a  foot  or  so  tall,  rather  slender,  not  at  all  glandular, 
but  the  arachnoid  pubescence  sparse  on  the  petioles  and  dense 
on  the  calyc.es,  otherwise  glabrous;  inflorescence  capitate  con- 
gested; calyx  small,  mainly  hyalin*'  ;  corolla  pale  blue,  throat 


UNIV.  CALIF.  PUB.  BOX,  VOL.  2. 


LMILLIKEN]  PLATE  4. 


1.      GILIA  LAT1FLORA.  2.      GILIA  ACHILLEAEFOLIA.  3      GILIA   MULTICAULIS. 


a.  ENTIRE   FLOWER. 

b.  COROLLA  OPENED. 


a.  ENTIRE   FLOWER. 

b.  COROLLA  OPENED. 


a.  INFLORESCENCE. 

b.  ENTIRE   FLOWER. 

c.  COROLLA  OPENED. 


VOL.  2]  MilliTien. — California1*,  Polemoniaceac .  37 

abruptly  dilated  but  not  ample  as  in  G.  aehilleaefolia  and  lobes 
nearly  as  narrow  as  in  G.  capitata;  stamens  much  exserted, 
anthers  nearly  white;  style  also  exserted. 

Nashville,  El  Dorado  Co.,  G.  P.  Rixford.  Common  in  the 
interior,  from  Mariposa  Co.  to  Shasta  Co. 

In  Muhlenbergia  I,  No.  3,  Heller  describes  a  new  species, 
Gilia  pallida,  the  type  found  at  the  Petrified  Forest,  Sonoma  Co. 
It  seems  to  be  nearest  G.  staminea. 

25.  Gilia  capitata  Dougl. 

Annual,  a  span  to  two  feet  high,  slender,  branching,  nearly 
glabrous;  leaves  once  or  twice  pinnatifid,  segments  narrow; 
inflorescence  usually  in  round  heads,  not  large,  without  woolly 
pubescence,  peduncles  long,  naked,  or  with  one  or  two  very 
small  bract-like  leaves;  calyx  one  and  a  half  to  two  lines  long, 
slender,  hyaline  portion  between  the  ribs  broad  and  white,  lobes 
equalling  or  exceeding  the  tube;  corolla  pale  blue  to  white,  about 
twice  the  calyx,  tube  nearly  equalling  the  limb,  throat  not 
abruptly  dilated,  lobes  narrow,  oblong,  truncate;  stamens  pale 
blue,  inserted  in  the  sinuses,  exserted  slightly  beyond  the  lobes. 

Low  grounds,  Bay  of  San  Francisco  to  Oregon.  Not  in  the 
Sierra  Nevada  Mts. 

26.  Gilia  aggregata  Spreng.     Cantua  aggregata  Pursh. 
Annual,  one  to  two  feet  tall,  erect,  usually  simple  with  a 

long  terminal  compound  raceme,  stem  leafy,  especially  at  the 
base;  leaves  sometimes  resetted;  often  a  woolly  pubescence  on 
the  stem  and  leaves;  calyx  more  or  less  glandular;  leaves  one  to 
two  and  one-half  inches  long,  once  pinnatifid,  rarely  divided 
at  the  base,  pinnae  few  or  many,  long,  and  very  abruptly  acute; 
inflorescence  of  large  profuse  racemes,  pedicels  short  or  none; 
calyx  two  to  three  lines  long,  two  lines  broad,  tube  cup-shaped 
to  funnelform,  lobes  lanceolate,  longer  or  shorter  than  the  tube; 
corolla  one  to  two  inches  long,  narrow-funnelform  with  spread- 
ing limb,  tube  not  over  three  lines  broad  at  the  top,  lobes  half  as 
long  as  the  tube,  very  slender,  acute,  or  shorter  and  broader, 
yellow  and  bright  red,  often  blotched;  stamens  of  unequal 
lengths,  inserted  a  little  below  the  sinuses,  usually  exceeding  the 
tube  but  not  equal  to  the  lobes. 


38  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Siskiyou  and  Modoc  Cos.  and  south  in  the  Sierra  Nevada 
Mts.  to  Inyo  Co. 

Var.  Bridges!!  Gray.  A  small  low  form  with  few  ascending 
branches  as  if  from  a  perennial  root;  leaves  small  and  lobes 
obtuse;  flowers  bright  red. 

Yosemite,  Mariposa  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood.  Bear  Creek, 
Fresno  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall  and  H.  P.  Chandler. 

27.  Gilia  congesta  Hook. 

Annual,  about  a  span  high,  branching  from  the  base,  branches 
sometimes  so  short  that  it  appears  matted,  more  or  less  woolly- 
pubescent;  leaves  three-fourths  inch  long  or  less,  once  or  twice 
pinnately  parted,  but  not  at  the  base,  often  appearing  palmately 
parted  at  the  apex  into  three  or  five  divisions,  each  about  the 
same  in  width  as  the  rachis;  inflorescence  crowded  in  large 
heads  or  in  smaller  heads  arranged  in  a  cyme,  with  long  pedun- 
cles; calyx  one  and  one-half  to  two  lines  long,  open-funnelform, 
mainly  hyaline,  only  the  very  short  acute  lobes  truly  herbaceous, 
white-woolly;  corolla  white,  three  lines  long,  salverform,  tube 
two  lines  long  and  one-half  to  three-fourths  line  broad,  throat 
not  distinguishable,  lobes  broad  ovate,  one  line  long;  stamens 
inserted  at  the  sinuses,  filaments  capillary  and  very  short, 
anthers  oval;  stigma  short,  about  equalling  the  stamens;  capsule 
smooth,  oval,  not  equalling  the  calyx. 

Marble  Head,  Siskiyou  Co.  Pine  Creek,  Lassen  Co.,  M.  S. 
Baker  and  F.  Nutting.  Modoc  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker.  Shasta  Co. 
and  north  into  Oregon,  and  south  in  the  higher  Sierra  Nevada 
Mts.  to  Placer  Co. 

28.  Gilia  densifolia  Benth.     Hugelia  densifolia  Benth. 

Root  perennial;  plant  often  woody  above  the  root,  usually 
with  many  long  branches  from  the  base,  leafy  to  the  top;  leaves 
rigid,  averaging  one  inch,  usually  ascending,  occasionally 
recurved  with  one  or  more  pairs  of  short  rigid  acerose  divisions; 
inflorescence  of  large  dense  terminal- bracted  clusters,  slightly 
floccose- woolly;  calyx  about  three  lines  long,  slender,  woolly,  two 
lobes  exceeding  the  other  three,  all  acerose  and  pungent-tipped, 
hyaline  portion  between  the  ribs  very  delicate  and  easily  split, 


VOL.  2]  Milliken. — Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  39 

making  the  tube  of  uncertain  size;  corolla  eight  lines  long  or 
more,  tubular-t'unuelform,  tube  six  lines  long,  slender,  pink  to 
pale  purple,  lobes  about  two  lines  long,  oblong,  deeper  in  color 
than  the  tube;  stamens  inserted  just  below  the  sinuses,  not 
exceeding  the  lobes,  anthers  sagittate,  linear,  a  line  long]  capsule 
two  lines  long,  angular,  tapering  slightly  at  both  ends,  seeds 
two  to  three  in  each  cell,  flat,  and  white-margined. 
San  Luis  Obispo  Co.  to  San  Diego  Co. 

Var.  sanctora.  Corolla  fourteen  to  fifteen  lines  long  and 
proportionately  ample. 

Santa  Aria  River  near  Riverside,  Southern  California,  H.  M. 
Hall,  No.  683. 

29.  Gilia  virgata  Steudel.     Hugelia  mrgata  Benth. 

Annual,  a  span  to  a  foot  high,  usually  branching  regularly 
from  every  node,  the  lower  branches  more  often  lacking  than  the 
upper,  the  branches  rebranched,  nearly  glabrous  except  the 
inflorescence  which  is  more  or  less  floccose- woolly;  leaves  alter- 
nate, narrowly  linear,  three  to  fourteen  lines  long,  sometimes 
entire  but  usually  with  one  pair  of  pinnae  at  the  base,  long  or 
short  but  lax,  and  the  whole  leaf  more  often  recurved  than 
ascending;  flowers  sometimes  single  but  usually  in  small  clus- 
ters; calyx  three  and  one-half  lines  long,  narrow,  lobes  of 
unequal  length,  extremely  slender,  and  pungent-tipped,  tube 
distended  in  fruit  but  not  splitting,  thus  resembling  Navarretia; 
corolla  six  to  seven  lines  long,  funnelform,  tube  included  or 
slightly  exserted,  throat  ample,  yellow,  lobes  ovate,  bright 
purplish  blue  beyond  the  yellow  base;  stamens  inserted  at  the 
base  of  the  throat,  filaments  long,  often  exceeding  the  lobes, 
anthers  linear- sagittate,  one  line  long;  capsule  oblong,  tapering 
at  both  ends,  two  seeds  in  each  cell  not  white-margined. 

Mountains  throughout  the  state  and  plains  of  Southern 
California. 

Var.  filifolia.  G.  filifolia  Nutt.  Small  form,  flowers  very 
small  and  slightly  exceeding  the  calyx,  lobes  often  only  a  line  in 
length. 

Lake  Co.  and  Lassen  Co. 


40  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Var.  floribunda  Gray.  Large,  dense,  floccose  heads  of  large, 
well  exserted  flowers. 

Corral  Hollow,  Brewer,  and  elsewhere  in  the  South  Coast 
Ranges. 

Var.  floccosa.  (r.  floccosa  Gray.  Lower  and  more  pro- 
fusely branching  than  the  species;  corolla  not  such  a  bright, 
clear  blue;  stamens  inserted  just  below  the  sinuses  or  lower, 
anthers  about  one-half  line  long. 

A  possible  species  but  running  in  so  closely  to  G.  virgata 
that  the  characters  are  not  distinct.  Found  in  the  mountains 
with  G.  virgata  and  at  lower  levels,  also  eastward  into  Nevada 
and  Arizona. 

30.  Gilia  sparsiflora  Eastwood. 

Annual,  a  span  to  fifteen  inches  high,  slender  branches  above 
from  the  axils  of  distant  alternate  leaves,  stems  very  minutely 
glandular-pubescent,  below  glabrous;  leaves  few,  averaging  one 
inch  in  length,  with  recurved  margins,  thus  appearing  filiform, 
usually  entire,  occasionally  with  a  pair  of  short  pinnae  near  the 
base,  these  and  the  main  segment  cuspidate-tipped,  bracts  like 
the  leaves  but  smaller;  inflorescence  solitary  and  pediceled  when 
axillary,  a  cluster  of  two  to  three  flowers  when  terminal  on  the 
main  stem,  and  subsessile;  calyx  three  to  four  lines  long,  densely 
white- woolly,  lobes  aristate- subulate,  longer  than  the  tube,  very 
slightly  unequal;  corolla  four  to  five  and  one-half  lines  long, 
funnelform,  white  with  narrow  dark  spots  in  the  throat,  lobes 
elliptical,  about  two  lines  long;  stamens  protruding  through  the 
throat  but  no  more,  anthers  a  line  long,  narrowly  sagittate, 
white;  capsule  oblong,  nearly  equalling  the  calyx,  "seeds  few, 
oblique  at  the  base,  three  sides  generally  with  rounded  angles, 
developing  mucilage  and  spiricles"  (Alice  Eastwood). 

Collected  by  Alice  Eastwood  in  King's  River  Canon  in  July, 
1899,  and  also  along  Bubb's  Creek  Trail. 

31.  Gilia  lutescens  Steud.     Kugelia  lutea  Benth. 

Annual,  four  to  eight  inches  high,  with  few  branches  in  the 
specimens  studied,  nearly  glabrous  below,  densely  white- woolly 
in  the  inflorescence;  leaves  six  to  fourteen  lines  long,  narrowly 


VOL.  2i  MUHkfK. —  Oalifontian  I'oloiioii-Hirwi-e.  41 

linear,  entire  below,  usually  three- parted  near  the  inflorescence 
which  is  congested  in  small  heads  at  and  near  the  ends  of 
branches;  calyx  two  to  three  lines  long,  slender,  hyaline,  tube 
very  thin,  lobes  shorter  than  the  tube,  ending  in  delicate  white 
bristles;  corolla. sulphur-yellow,  tube  usually  included,  one  and 
one-half  to  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  lobes  ovate  to  oblong; 
stamens  about  equalling  the  corolla  or  slightly  exserted,  anthers 
narrow-linear,  nearly  one  line  long. 

Mountains  north  of  San  Luis  Obispo,  J.  G.  Lemmon.  Soledad, 
Monterey  Co.,  Mrs.  K.  Brandegee.  Jolon,  Monterey  Co.,  Alice 
Eastwood. 

32.  Gilia  Californica  Beuth.    Leptodactylon  Calif orni  cum  Hook. 

and  Arn. 

Shrubby  perennial,  at  times  reaching  four  feet  in  height, 
branches,  bracts  and  calyces  puberulent;  leaves  glabrous,  pal- 
mately  parted  into  three  to  five  divisions,  rigid,  cuspidate-tipped, 
two  to  three  lines  long,  more  or  less  fascicled  in  the  axils,  and 
crowded  on  the  stem,  alternate;  inflorescence  single  and  borne 
near  the  ends  of  branches  and  closely  massed;  calyx  four  to 
six  lines  long,  slender,  ribs  strong,  and  projecting  in  pungent 
acerose  lobes  about  half  the  tube,  hyaline  portion  well  marked 
as  in  Linanthus;  corolla  twelve  to  fifteen  lines  long,  salverform 
tube  exceeding  the  calyx,  sometimes  twice  its  length,  throat  very 
short,  lobes  large,  obovate,  the  whole  pink  to  purple;  stamens 
inserted  on  the  tube  above  the  middle,  filaments  short,  anthers 
long-oblong;  style  almost  none,  stigmas  one  and  one-half  lines 
long,  at  the  very  base  of  the  tube;  capsule  exceeding  the  tube  of 
the  calyx  but  not  its  lobes,  rounded  at  the  base,  smaller  at  the 
apex,  walls  very  firm,  cells  many-seeded. 

In  the  mountains  from  San  Luis  Obispo  Co.  to  San  Diego  Co. 
A  very  viscid  form  with  longer  leaves  is  found  near  Los  Angeles. 

33.  Gilia  pungens  Benth.     G.  pungens  and  O.  Hookeri  Benth. 

G.  pungens  var.  caespitosa,  and  var.  squarrosa  Gray. 

Perennial,  often  matted  so  as  to  resemble  Phlox  Douglasii  or 
taller,  with  long  branches,  glandular-viscid,  pubescent  to  nearly 
glabrous;  leaves  three-parted  to  the  middle  or  a  little  more,  three 


42  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

to  eight  lines  long,  erect,  or  spreading  when  long,  segments 
linear- acerose,  often  recurved,  pungent,  much  crowded  on  the 
stem  or  one-half  inch  apart,  but  usually  obscuring  the  stem, 
rarely  fascicled  in  the  axils;  inflorescence  loosely  clustered 
toward  the  summit  of  the  branches;  calyx  three  to  six  lines 
long,  very  slender,  herbaceous  ribs  extending  into  acerose,  pun- 
gent lobes  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  tube,  hyaline  portion 
between  the  ribs  revolute  or  distended,  resembling  Linanthus; 
corolla  nine  to  fourteen  lines  long,  funnelform,  tube  sometimes 
shorter  than  the  calyx  but  more  often  considerably  exserted, 
lobes  as  long  as  the  tube,  narrow  and  truncate,  not  spreading; 
stamens  equally  inserted  near  the  top  of  the  tube,  filaments  not 
more  than  one  line  long,  anthers  oblong;  style  one  line  long, 
stigmas  the  same  length;  capsule  oblong,  tapering  at  both  ends, 
about  equalling  the  tube  of  the  calyx;  seeds  several. 

San  Bernardino  and  San  Jacinto  Mts.,  and  elsewhere  in 
Southern  California  at  high  elevations,  from  8500  to  11,500  feet. 
Sierra  Nevada  Mts.,  at  similar  elevations  (Mt.  Goddard,  above 
Yosemite,  Bear  Valley,  and  northward) . 

Var.  Hookeri  Gray.  Perennial,  growing  taller  than  the 
species,  not  matted;  leaves  not  more  than  one-half  inch  long,  the 
middle  division  twice  the  lateral  ones,  rigid,  acerose,  especially 
the  lower  leaves  fascicled  in  the  axils,  covered  with  white 
pubescence,  which  is  sometimes  in  tiny  tufts,  herbage  blue- green 
while  that  of  the  species  is  green;  flowers  not  restricted  to  the 
summits  of  the  branches. 

Found  at  lower  levels  than  the  species,  6500  to  8300  feet,  in 
the  mountains  of  Southern  California.  Also  in  the  Sierra 
Nevada  Mts.,  eastern  Oregon  and  Arizona. 

Var.  Hallii.  Gilia  Hallii  Parish.  Perennial,  flowering 
branches  about  one  foot  long;  some  of  the  leaves  opposite, 
becoming  alternate  at  the  summit,  much  fascicled,  palmately 
three-parted,  divisions  very  pungent,  acerose,  the  middle  one 
twice  or  thrice  the  lateral  ones;  flowers  less  than  one  inch  long, 
loosely  clustered  at  the  summit  of  the  branches  or  terminating 
the  branchlets  half  way  down  the  main  stem;  corolla  lobes  oblan- 
ceolate;  stamens  nearly  sessile. 


VOL.  2]  Milliketi. — California*  Polemoniaceae .  43 

Type,  Coyote  Canon,  El  Toro  Mt.,  Riverside  Co.,  5000  feet, 
H.  M.  Hall. 

Var.  tenuiloba.  Qilia  tenuilola  Parish.  Perennial,  flower- 
ing branches  six  inches  long;  leaves  alternate,  palmatelyjthree- 
parted,  much  less  rigid  than  the  foregoing  variety;  flowers  soli- 
tary and  terminal,  one  inch  long  or  more,  light  yellow;  lobes  of  the 
corolla  narrow-strap-shaped;  anthers  on  filaments  about  their  own 
length,  one-half  line  long. 

Type,  San  Jacinto  Mt.,  Riverside  Co.,  S.  B.  Parish.  Seven 
Oaks,  San  Bernardino  Co.,  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Grout. 

84.  Gilia  Schottii  Watson.  G.  setosissima  var.  exigua  Gray. 
Navarretia  Schottii  Torr.  Loeselia  Schottii  Gray.  Lan- 
gloisia  Schottii  Greene. 

Annual,  two  to  six  inches  high,  broader  than  high,  with  sev- 
eral depressed  branches,  roughish-puberulent,  stems  white,  herb- 
age grayish;  leaves  broad  at  the  apex,  gradually  tapering  to  a 
narrower  base,  or  nearly  of  the  same  width  throughout,  pinnatifid, 
but  the  pinnae  reduced  to  long  white  bristles  except  for  a  few 
small  lobes  ending  in  bristles;  inflorescence  scattered  or  slightly 
congested;  calyx  two  to  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  lobes  end- 
ing in  long  bristles,  exceeding  the  tube,  hyaline  portion  narrow, 
splitting  in  fruit;  corolla  slightly  bilabiate,  three  and  one-half 
lines  long,  white,  tube  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  one-half 
line  broad,  cylindrical,  throat  almost  none,  lobes  narrow,  acute; 
stamens  inserted  in  the  upper  part  of  the  tube,  hardly  exceeding 
it;  capsule  strongly  three-angled,  equalling  the  calyx  exclusive 
of  the  bristles,  seeds  five  in  each  cell,  small,  not  white-margined. 

Palm  Springs,  desert  base  of  San  Jacinto  Mt.,  Riverside  Co., 
500  to  700  feet;  and  elsewhere  in  the  Colorado  Desert  region  of 
Southern  California. 

35.  Gilia  Matthewsii  Gray.  Loeselia  Matthewsii  Gray.  Lan- 
gloisia  Mattheivsii  Greene. 

Annual,  an  inch  to  a  span  high,  branched,  more  or  less 
matted,  stems  and  foliage  densely  pubescent  or  nearly  glabrous; 
leaves  about  one  inch  long,  narrow,  pinnately  divided,  the  lower 
pinnae  reduced  to  long  white  bristles,  the  upper  ending  in  bris- 


44  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

ties,  leaves  dilated  at  the  apex,  but  not  abruptly  so;  inflorescence 
scattered  or  slightly  congested;  calyx  two  to  two  and  one-halt' 
lines  long;  corolla  tube  two  and  one-half  to  three  lines  long, 
one-half  line  wide,  cylindrical,  throat  small,  limb  strongly  bila- 
biate, lobes  narrow,  dentate,  purple,  or  white,  streaked  with 
purple  or  red;  stamens  strongly  incurved,  much  exserted;  seeds 
eleven  to  twelve. 

Near  Dry  Lake,  Rosamond,  Kern  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy.  Smith 
Mt.,  Riverside  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall.  Distributed  as  G.  Schottii  from 
Inyo  Co.  by  Dr.  Matthews,  1871;  Mohave  Desert  by  Palmer, 
Lemmon,  Parish,  Pringle.  Near  Newhall  by  Nevin. 

36.  Gilia  setosissima  Gray.  Navarretia  setosissima  Torr.  and 
Gray.  Navarretia  Schottii  Torr.  Gilia  Schottii  Watson. 
Langloisia  setosissima  Greene. 

Annual,  an  inch  or  two  high,  branching  into  a  mat,  slightly 
roughish-puberulent;  leaves  one-half  inch  long,  abruptly  dilated 
at  the  apex  which  is  three-lobed,  pinnately  divided  below,  the 
pinnae  reduced  to  long  white  bristles  usually  double;  calyx  four 
and  one-half  lines  long,  including  the  bristles;  corolla  six  to 
nine  lines  long,  white,  tube  four  to  six  lines  long  and  three- 
fourths  line  wide,  throat  almost  none,  lobes  three  to  four  lines 
long,  oblanceolate,  acutish;  stamens  inserted  in  the  upper  part 
of  the  tube,  reaching  half  way  up  the  lobes,  erect,  anthers 
oblong. 

An  early  and  depauperate  plant  from  th.e  deserts  of  south- 
eastern California,  western  Arizona  and  southern  Utah,  first 
collected  by  Coulter. 

One  specimen  from  Arizona,  N.  C.  Wilson.  It  will  there- 
fore probably  be  found  in  the  desert  region  of  Southern  California . 

LINANTHUS  BENTH. 

Leaves  opposite  and  palmately  parted,  or  rarely  entire  and 
linear;  calyx  with  well  marked  hyaline  spaces  between  the  her- 
baceous ribs,  which  are  prolonged  into  five  equal  lobes;  flowers 
solitary  or  in  terminal  clusters  or  heads;  stamens  equally 
inserted  and  usually  of  equal  length;  seeds  usually  many  in 
each  cell. 


VOL. 2]  MilliJffn. — Calif ornian  Ptflemonfaceac.  4"> 

KEY   TO   THE   SPECIES. 

A.  Dichotomously  branched  without  scabrous  pubescence;  flowers  sessile 

or  subsessile. 

a.  Not  glandular;  corolla  limb  one  inch  broad.        1.  L.  diehotomus. 

b.  Not  glandular;  corolla  much  smaller.  2^  J^Jtigelovii . 

c.  Glandular  pubescence  on  calyx.  3.  L.  Jonesii. 

d.  Soft -pubescent  throughout;   flowers   large  with  very  short  tube, 

and  toothed  or  fringed  margins.  4.  L.  dianthiflorux . 

B.  Less  dichotomous;    leaves  scabrous-pubescent;   flowers  on  capillary 

or  •filiform  pedicels. 

a.  Corolla  five  to  six  lines  long,  broad-funnelform  to  rotate,  white, 

often  with  blue  lines;  pilose  ring  at  the  base  of  the  filaments. 

5.  L.  linifloruti. 

b.  Corolla  three  lines   long,  campanulate,  exceeding  the   calyx  by 

two  lines.  6.   L.  filipes. 

c.  Corolla  smaller;  calyx  extremely  narrow  with  acute  base. 

7.  L.  pusillus. 

d.  Corolla  minute,  not  exceeding  one  and  one-half  lines,  broader 

than  the  last;  capsule  one-seeded.  8.  L.  Harknessii. 

c.  Corolla  tube  equalling  or  slightly  exceeding  the  calyx,  limb  sal- 

verform.  9.  L.  Bolanderi. 

f.  Corolla  one -half  inch  long,  tube  equal  to  the  calyx  or  slightly 

exserted,  expanding  into  an  ample,  dark  purple  throat. 

10.  L.  ambiguus. 

g.  Corolla  one-half  inch  long,  tube  much  exserted.     11.  L.  Rattani. 

C.  Not  dichotomously  branched ;  flowers  not  on  capillary  pedicels  nor  in 

heads. 

a.  Coi'olla  one-half  to  three-fourths  inch  long,  tube  very  short  with 

a  conspicuous  appendage  at  the  base  of  each  lobe. 

12.  L.  Parryae. 

b.  Corolla  smaller,  no  appendages.  13.  L.  demissus. 

c.  Corolla  tube  six  to  seven  lines  long.  14.  L.  Pacificus. 

d.  Corolla  twice  the  calyx,  tube  one-half  line  long,  no  appendages. 

15.  L.  concinnus. 

e.  Corolla  golden  yellow.  16.  L.  aureus. 

D.  Perennials. 

a.  Flowers  in  small  heads,  sessile  or  subsessile;  leaves  with  broad 

linear  segments.  17.  L.  Nuttallii. 

b.  Flowers  less  crowded,  pediceled;  leaves  with  narrower  segments. 

18.  L.  Jloribundufi. 

E.  Flowers  in  bracteate  heads,  sessile,  with  corolla  tube  exceeding  the 

the   calyx  except  in  L.  Lemmoni,  L.   maculatus  and  forms  of 
L.  densiflorus;  herbage  ciliate-pubescent. 

a.  Flowers  in   small   heads;    corolla  two  and  one-half   lines   long, 

leaves  entire.  19.  L.  maculatus. 

b.  Flowers  in  numerous  small  heads:  corolla  twice  the  calyx  or  less, 

pale  yellow  with  darker  throat.  20.  L.  Lemmoni. 


46  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

c.  Flowers    in   heads;   corolla  funnelform,    with    purple   to   white 
limb,  equalling  or  exceeding  the  tube.  21.  L.  densiflorus . 

d.  Flowers  in  large  heads  with  broad  bracts ;  corolla  tube  averaging 

one   inch,  throat    funnelform,   brown   or    yellow,  lobes    broad, 
purple.  22.  L.  androsaceus. 

e.  Flowers  white,  tube  little  exceeding  the  calyx.     23.  Mariposianus . 

f.  Flowers  in  rather  small   heads;    corolla  tube  extremely   narrow 

and  long-exserted,  throat  short.  24.  L.  parviflorus. 

g.  Flowers  few  in  an  almost  ebracteate  cluster;  plant  gray  with  close 

pubescence.  25.  L.  Graciosus. 

h.  Flower  heads  small;  foliage  not  at  all  ciliate  but  closely  spinose- 

toothed.  26.  L.  serrulatus. 

i.  Flower  with  golden-yellow  corolla,  lobes  only  one  and  one-half 

lines  long;  leaf  segments  linear-acerose;  plant  not  exceeding 

four  inches.  27.  L.  acicularis. 

j.  Corolla  tube  comparatively  broad,  lobes  barely  exceeding  one 

line,  limb  yellow  and  reddish-purple ;  plant  one  to  three  inches 

high.  28.  L.  bicolor. 

k.  Corolla  little  exceeding  the  bracts,  or  much  exserted,  lobes  one 

line  long  or  less ;  bracts  long-ciliate-margined.  29.  L.  ciliatus. 
I.  Corolla  large,  tube  much  exserted,  lobes  obovate  or  truncate, 

three  to  four  lines  long.  30.  L.  montanus. 

m.  "Corolla  well  exserted,  lobes  rose-red  with  semilunar  vermilion 

spots  near  the  base "  (Greene).  31.  L.  neglectus. 

1.  Linanthus  dichotomus  Benth.     Oilia  dichotoma  Benth. 

Slender  large-flowered  annual,  four  to  twelve  inches  high, 
simple  or  dichotomously  branched,  branches  at  first  diverging 
from  the  main  stem,  then  becoming  erect,  the  whole  plant  glabrous 
except  a  slight  scabrous  pubescence  on  the  upper  leaves  and  seg- 
ments of  the  calyx,  and  glandular  white  pubescence  on  the  inner 
side  of  the  calyx  segments  at  the  sinuses;  leaves  from  one-half  to 
two  inches  long, averaging  one  inch,  sometimes  entire  and  filiform, 
usually  palmately  three- parted,  divisions  filiform  and  setaceous- 
tipped;  flowers  solitary  in  the  axils  or  terminal;  calyx  about 
one-half  inch  long  with  the  tube  slender  and  straight  or  some- 
times expanded  near  the  base,  thus  urn-shaped,  scarious  except 
the  five  ribs,  prolonged  into  linear  setaceous  segments,  more  or 
less  recurved;  corolla  white  or  purple,  with  cylindrical  tube, 
slightly  exserted  in  age,  abruptly  expanding  into  the  short  throat, 
limb  about  an  inch  broad,  lobes  ovate  or  roughly  triangular  with  a 
slightly  wavy  margin;  stamens  nearly  equalling  the  tube,  inserted 
about  one- third  from  the  base  of  the  tube,  with  pubescent 


UNIV.  CALIF.  PUB.  BOX.  VOL.  2. 


[MILLIKEN]  PLATE  6. 


LINANTHUS  DICHOTOMUS. 

1.      ENTIRE    PLANT.  2.      FLOWER.  3.      BASE    OF   OPENED     COROLLA. 


VOL. 2]  Milliken. — California/ft  Polemoniaceae.  47 

appendages  at  the  point  of  insertion;  anthers  very  long  and 
slender,  more  than  one-half  the  length  of  the  filaments;  pistil 
reaching  only  one-half  way  up  the  tube  in  the  flowering  stage, 
stigma  longer  than  the  style ;  capsule  equalling  or  slightly  longer 
than  the  calyx  tube,  long- oval,  seeds  seven  in  each  cell,  small 
and  dark,  about  one-half  line  long,  covered  with  a  loose  white 
sheath,  the  whole  about  one  line  long. 

From  San  Diego  Co.  northward  at  least  as  far  as  Napa  Co. 
in  the  Coast  Ranges  and  eastward  into  Arizona.  Also  Marys- 
ville  Buttes,  Sutter  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson.  (Plate  6.) 

2.  Linanthus  Bigelovii  Greene.     Gilia  Bigelovii  Gray. 

Annual,  three  to  eight  inches  high,  dichotomously  branched 
or  simple,  glabrous;  leaves  entire,  narrow-linear,  one-half  to  one 
and  one-half  inches  long;  flowers  solitary,  sessile  or  subsessile, 
axillary  and  terminal,  four  to  six  lines  long,  tube  three  lines 
long,  almost  cylindrical,  scarious  except  the  five  green  ribs  which 
are  recurved  beyond  the  tube;  corolla  little  if  at  all  exceeding 
the  calyx  teeth. 

Colorado  Desert,  San  Diego  Co.,  W.  J.  Wright.  Tucson, 
Arizona,  J.  W.  Tourney. 

3.  Linanthus  Jonesii  Greene.     Gilia  Jonesii  Gray. 

Annual,  four  to  six  inches  high,  very  slender,  slightly 
branched,  leaves  and  branches  almost  capillary,  fine  glandular 
pubescence  on  the  inflorescence;  flowers  sessile;  calyx  three  and 
one-half  lines  long,  lobes  not  exceeding  one  line;  corolla  one  and 
one-half  times  the  calyx. 

Lagoon  Head,  Lower  California,  Edward  Palmer,  and  prob- 
ably within  the  California  border. 

4.  Linanthus  dianthiflorus  Greene.    Fenzlia  dianthiflora  Benth. 

Gilia  dianthiflora  Steud.     G.  dianthoides  Endl. 

Annual,  three  to  six  inches  high,  usually  diffusely  branching 
from  the  base;  stems  and  herbage  slightly  white- woolly;  leaves 
one  inch  long  or  less,  narrowly  linear;  inflorescence  axillary  and 
terminal,  single,  on  pedicels  from  one-eighth  to  two  inches 
long;  calyx  three  to  eight  lines  long,  lobes  merely  prolongations 


48  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

of  the  narrow  ribs,  longer  than  the  scarious  tube,  even  thrice 
its  length;  corolla  broad-funnel  form,  tube  two  lines  long,  dark 
brown,  throat  ample,  yellow,  lobes  four  to  six  lines  long,  broad- 
obovate,  margins  fringed,  purple,  pink  or  white;  stamens  inserted 
at  the  top  of  the  tube,  equalling  the  throat,  anthers  small,  oblong; 
capsule  three  lines  long,  exceeding  the  tube  of  the  calyx,  bursting 
it,  ovules  many,  seed-coat  pitted. 

Common  on  the  western  side  of  the  state  from  San  Diego  Co. 
to  Santa  Barbara  Co. 

").  Linanthus  liniflorus  Greene.  Gilia  liniflora Benth.  G.phar- 
naceoides  Benth.  L.  plmrnaceoides  Greene.  G.  liniflorus 
var.  pnarnaceoides  Gray. 

Slender  annual,  from  three  inches  to  two  feet  high,  usuallj" 
about  one  foot,  branches  dichotomous  or  alternate,  forming  a 
wide  angle  with  the  stem,  stem  and  branches  filiform,  glabrous, 
or  with  very  few  scattered  hairs;  pubescence  of  herbage  short 
and  scabrous,  rarely  glandular  on  the  calyx;  leaves  opposite 
below,  alternate  above,  lower  five  to  six-parted,  divisions  about 
three-fourths  inch  long,  slender  and  with  revolute  margins  and 
cuspidate  tips,  divisions  fewer  and  shorter  upwards  on  the 
branches,  those  of  branchlets  simple  and  minute;  flowers  about 
one-half  inch  long  and  as  broad  as  long,  scattered,  on  capillary 
pedicels  varying  from  a  line  or  two  to  one  and  one-fourth  inches 
in  length;  calyx  about  two  lines  long,  rarely  longer,  cam- 
panulate,  segments  about  equalling  the  tube,  narrow-lanceolate 
and  cuspidate-tipped;  corolla  white  or  purplish,  tube  about  one 
line  long,  cylindrical,  throat  one  line  long,  broadening  rapidly, 
lobes  broad-obovate,  three  to  four  lines  long;  stamens  inserted 
below  the  sinuses,  reaching  about  half  way  up  the  lobes,  a  pilose 
ring  at  the  base  of  the  filaments;  anthers  round,  sometimes 
declined;  style  and  stigma  slightly  exceeding  the  stamens;  stigma 
one-half  line  long,  three-parted;  capsule  about  one  and  one-half 
lines  long,  tapering  at  the  base;  seeds  oblong,  six  in  each 
cell. 

Foothills  and  plains  along  the  coast  from  San  Diego  to  San 
Mateo  and  Santa  Clara  Cos.  Specimens  from  the  central  coun- 
ties much  less  delicate  than  southern  forms.  (Plate  7.) 


UNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.  BOT.  VOL.  2. 


IMILLIKEN]   PLATE?. 


PHOTO  -LTTH.BRITTnN  *BEV;  B 


LINANTHUS   LINIFLORUS. 


1.     ENTIRE   PLANT.  2.     FLOWER.  3.     COROLLA   DF  YDUNG  FLOWER   OPENED. 

4,     COROLLA   OF  OLD   FLOWER  OPENED. 


VOL.  2]  Mil  liken.  —  Californian  Polemoniaceae.  49 

6.  Linanthus  filipes  Greene.     Gilia  filipes  Benth. 

Very  slender  annual, occasionally  simple  but  usually  more  or  less 
diffusely  and  dichotomously  branched,  branches  filiform,  diverg- 
ing, often  making  the  plant  broader  than  high;  sparse  softjwhite 
pubescence  on  the  stem  and  branches,  longer  and  thicker  at  the 
base  of  the  branches,  numerous  short  ascending  bristles  on  the 
leaves  and  calyces  make  those  organs  very  scabrous,  especially 
the  leaves;  leaves  about  one-fourth  inch  long,  entire  or  three-  to 
five-parted,  divisions  filiform,  cuspidate-tipped;  flowers  small, 
about  one-fourth  inch  long,  numerous,  on  slender  capillary  pedi- 
cels from  one-half  to  one  inch  long,  terminal  and  axillary;  calyx 
usually  about  one  line  long,  extremes  one-half  line  and  two  lines, 
eampanulate,  five  segments  white-setaceous-tipped,  various  in 
length  compared  with  the  tube,  the  latter  slightly  scarious 
between  the  ribs;  corolla  white  and  of  delicate  texture,  tube 
about  equalling  the  calyx  tube,  narrow-cylindrical,  limb  about 
two  lines  long,  campanulate,  segments  obovate,  margins  entire 
or  the  ends  slightly  crenate;  stamens  regularly  inserted  at  the 
top  of  the  tube,  filaments  slender,  about  two-thirds  the  length  of 
the  limb;  capsule  exceeding  the  calyx  tube,  seeds  one  or  two  in 
each  cell. 

Common  on  open  slopes  of  the  foothills  of  the  Sierra  Nevada 
Mts.  and  the  Coast  Ranges,  from  Shasta  Co.  south  in  the  Coast 
Range  to  Humboldt  Co.,  and  south  in  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  to 
Fresno  Co. 

7.  Linanthus  pusillus  Greene.     Gilia  pitsilla  Benth. 

Slender  branching  annual,  two  to  six  inches  high,  branches 
very  slightly  divergent  to  rarely  decumbent,  stems  and  branches 
filiform;  pubescence  slight  on  stem  and  branches,  not  scabrous, 
but  scabrous  on  leaves,  and  absent  or  sparse  and  scabrous  on  the 
calyx;  leaves  one-fourth  inch  long  or  less,  cuspidate-tipped, 
upper  sometimes  entire,  lower  three-  to  five-parted;  flowers  very 
small  and  numerous  on  capillary  pedicels  not  exceeding  one  inch 
or  subsessile;  calyx  subcylindrical  about  one  and  one-half  lines 
long,  segments  about  one-half  the  tube,  erect,  setaceous- tipped; 
corolla  about  one  and  one-half  lines  long,  white,  or  purple, 
equalling  the  calyx  or  slightly  exserted,  more  exserted  in  age  by 


50  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

the  growing  capsule,  tube  shorter  than  the  limb,  expanded  at  the 
base  around  the  capsule,  upper  part  narrow-cylindrical,  lobes 
narrow- obovate,  convolute;  stamens  inserted  near  the  sinuses, 
about  two-thirds  the  length  of  the  lobes,  sometimes  declined; 
style  longer  than  the  filament,  stigma  short;  capsule  narrow- 
cylindrical,  about  equalling  or  slightly  exceeding  the  calyx  tube, 
seeds  minute,  "three  to  five"  (Gray). 

San  Jacinto,  Riverside  Co.  Witch  Creek,  San  Diego  Co. 
Hullville,  Lake  Co.  St.  Helena,  Napa  Co.  Howell  Mountain, 
Napa  Co. 

Var.  Californicus.  Gilia  pusilla  Californica  Gray.  Plant 
larger  than  the  species,  sometimes  diffusely  branching;  corolla 
often  twice  the  calyx. 

San  Luis  Obispo  Co.,  Mrs.  R.  W.  Summers.  Elk  Grove, 
Sacramento  Co.,  W.  C.  Blasdale. 

8.  Linanthus  Harknessii  Greene.     Gilia  Harknessii  Curran. 

Slender  annual,  from  two  to  ten  inches  high,  averaging  six 
inches;  pubescence  very  slight  or  lacking  on  the  stems;  leaves 
small  at  the  base,  often  becoming  larger,  one-half  to  three- 
fourths  inch,  on  the  middle  of  the  stem,  and  first  nodes  of 
the  branches,  three-  to  five-parted,  becoming  much  smaller  and 
simpler  at  the  ends  of  the  branches,  edges  re  volute,  tips  mucro- 
nate;  flowers  one  or  two  lines  long,  on  pedicels  varying  from 
one-fourth  to  one  and  one-fourth  inches  long;  calyx  about  one 
line  long,  campanulate;  corolla  white,  minute,  little  exserted 
beyond  the  calyx,  lobes  broadly  acute;  stamens  about  three- 
fourths  the  length  of  the  flower;  capsule  equalling  the  calyx 
tube,  oval,  seeds  one  in  each  cell. 

Middle  and  high  Sierra  Nevada  Mountain  regions,  from 
Modoc  Co.  south  to  Mariposa  Co. 

9.  Linanthus  Bolanderi  Greene.     Gilia  Bolanderi  Gray. 

Slender  annual,  stems  and  branches  filiform,  usually  branch- 
ing dichotomously,  about  one  span  high;  minute  pubescence  on 
the  stem  and  branches,  scabrous  on  the  leaves,  none  on  the 
calyx,  or  sometimes  glandular  on  the  calyx  and  pedicels  and  on 


VOL. 2]  Milliken.  —  Californian  Polemoniaceae.  51 


the  stems  just  below  the  nodes;  leaves  about  one-fourth  inch 
long,  segments  three  to  five,  cuspidate-tipped;  flower  pedicels 
from  one-fourth  to  one  and  one-fourth  inches  long;  calyx  about 
one-fourth  inch  long,  narrow-cylindrical;  corolla  all  white  or 
with  purple-tipped  lobes,  sometimes  with  dark  reddish-purple 
spots  at  the  base  of  the  lobes,  tube  about  equalling  the  calyx,  or 
slightly  exceeding  it,  limb  always  exserted,  salverform  in  full 
bloom,  lobes  broad- obovate  with  entire  edges;  stamens  inserted 
just  below  the  sinuses,  slightly  exserted  beyond  the  throat, 
anthers  round;  style  long  but  stigma  not  exserted  beyond  the 
throat;  capsule  not  quite  equalling  the  calyx,  teeth  broader  at 
the  apex  than  at  the  base,  seeds  two  to  five. 

Shasta  Co.  Humboldt  Co.  Type  from  Ukiah,  Mendocino  Co. 
Lake  Co.  Mt.  Hamilton,  Santa  Clara  Co.,  A.  Kellogg.  Lassen 
Co.  Cloverdale,  Mr.  Sherlocks.  Mariposa  Co.,  J.  W.  Congdon. 

10.  Linanthus  ambiguus  Greene.     Gilia  ambigua  Rattan. 

Annual,  four  to  six  inches  high,  branching  with  filiform 
stems,  these  smooth  to  the  touch,  and  glabrous  to  the  naked 
eye,  but  very  minutely  and  sparsely  puberulent;  leaves  and  calyx 
lobes  scabrous-pubescent;  leaves  five-  to  seven-parted,  two  to 
three  and  one-half  lines  long;  inflorescence  one-to  three-flowered 
from  the  axils  of  the  upper  leaves,  flowers  on  capillary  pedicels 
from  one  to  eight  lines  long;  calyx  two  and  one-half  to  three 
lines  long,  narrow-cylindrical,  hyaline  spaces  very  narrow,  lobes 
one  line  or  less  long,  aristate- subulate;  corolla  one-half  to  three- 
fourths  inch  long,  funnelform,  tube  one  and  one-half  to  two  times 
the  calyx,  dark  purple,  throat  two  lines  long,  purple  below,  yeliow 
above,  lobes  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  blue-purple,  broad- 
ovate;  stamens  and  style  exserted,  but  only  one-half  as  long  as 
the  lobes,  anthers  oval,  yellow;  capsule  narrow-oblong,  included 
in  the  tube  of  the  calyx,  many  seeded. 

San  Carlos  Mt.,  San  Benito  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood.  Hernan- 
dez, San  Benito  Co.  Loma  Prieta,  Santa  Cruz  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy. 
On  Oak  Hill,  near  San  Jose,  Santa  Clara  Co.  Mt.  Hamilton, 
Santa  Clara  Co.,  Alice  Crane.  Livermore,  Alameda  Co., 
W.  L.  Jepson. 


52  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

11.  Linanthus  Rattani  Greene.      Gilia  Rattani  Gray. 

Slender  annual,  two  to  ten  inches  high,  branching,  sometimes 
dichotomously  ;  leaves  from  one-eighth  to  one-half  inch  long, 
three-  to  five-parted,  sometimes  with  a  few  small  glands  as  well  as 
scabrous  pubescence  ;  calyx  about  two  and  one-half  or  three  lines 
long,  narrow,  nearly  cylindrical,  lobes  only  one-half  the  length 
of  the  tube,  acute;  corolla  one-half  inch  long,  white,  or  the 
tube  pale  at  the  base  shading  to  red-purple  at  the  top,  tube 
much  exserted,  about  equalling  the  throat  and  lobes,  slender, 
cylindrical,  throat  short,  purple  and  cream,  lobes  slender-oblong, 
light  lavender;  stamens  inserted  just  below  the  sinuses,  filaments 
extremely  slender,  anthers  comparatively  large,  oval,  sometimes 
declined. 

Mariposa  Co.  Lake  Co.  Forest  Grove,  Santa  Clara  Co., 
W.  L.  Jepsou. 

12.  Linanthus  Parryae  Greene.     Gilia  Parryae  Gray. 

Annual  dwarf  plant,  one  to  four  inches  high,  more  or  less 
matted;  stems  and  foliage  soft-pubescent;  leaves  crowded  at  the 
base,  from  one-fourth  to  one-half  inch  long,  five-  to  seven-parted, 
sometimes  alternate  upward;  inflorescence  somewhat  congested, 
subsessile  or  short-pediceled;  calyx  campanulate,  tube  short, 
lobes  with  hyaline  portions  bordering  the  ribs,  long  and  spread- 
ing, spinulose,  constricted  over  the  growing  capsule;  corolla 
one-half  to  three-fourths  inch  long,  purple,  yellowish  or  white, 
with  very  short  tube,  ample  expanding  throat  with  five  broad 
scale-like  appendages  dark  in  color  surrounding  the  summit, 
opposite  the  obovate,  spreading  lobes,  showing  through  on  the 
outside;  stamens  inserted  at  the  top  of  the  tube,  filaments  broad 
at  the  base  and  dark,  about  equalling  the  throat,  anthers  oblong; 
capsule  oblong,  seeds  small  and  numerous. 

From  Kern  Co.  south.  Manzana,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  J.  B. 
Davy.  Mescal  Creek,  San  Antonio  Mts.,  Los  Angeles  Co., 
H.  M.  Hall. 


13.  Linanthus  demissus  Greene.     Gilia  <lcnii.^<i  Gray. 

Annual,  an  inch  or  so  high,  without  branches  except  those 
forming  the  inflorescence,  soft-  pubescent,  especially  the  stems; 


VOL.  2]  MilUJfcn.  —  Califorrrian  Polemoniaceae.  53 

leaves  less  than  one-fourth  inch  long,  three-  to  five-parted, 
equalling  the  internodes;  inflorescence  a  terminal  cluster  nearly 
as  broad  as  the  plant  is  high;  calyx  campanulate,  the  hyaline 
tube  split  when  in  full  flower,  lobes  linear,  straight  or  slightly 
recurved;  corolla  five  to  six  lines  long,  with  proper  tube  one 
line  long,  ample  throat  two  and  one-half  to  three  lines  long, 
lobes  naked  and  obovate,  obtuse;  stamens  with  triangular  dilated 
bases,  inserted  at  the  top  of  the  tube,  included  in  the  throat, 
anthers  oblong-linear;  pistil  equalling  the  throat,  stigma  seg- 
ments thread-like. 

"Southeastern  California"  (Greene).  None  seen  except  from 
Arizona. 

14.  Linanthus  Pacificus. 

Annual,  three  to  eight  inches  high,  diffusely  branching, 
branches  alternate  or  opposite,  stems  and  herbage  puberulent, 
not  at  all  scabrous;  leaves  three-  to  five-parted,  four  to  six  lines 
long,  setaceous- tipped;  flowers  single  or  somewhat  clustered; 
calyx  four  or  five  lines  long,  tube  mainly  hyaline,  two  and  one- 
half  to  three  lines  long,  cylindrical,  lobes  little  spreading  if  at 
all ;  corolla  tube  six  to  seven  lines  long,  exceeding  the  calyx  by 
one  line  at  least,  purplish-red,  limb  open-funnelform,  throat 
about  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  the  pinkish  lobes  three  lines, 
dark-red  blotches  at  the  base  of  the  lobes  on  the  throat;  stamens 
inserted  at  the  top  of  the  tube  about  equalling  the  throat,  anthers 
oblong;  stigmas  about  equalling  the  filaments. 

Type  from  Cootca,  Palomar,  Riverside  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson  and 
H.  M.  Hall. 

15.  Linanthus  concinnus.     Gilia  modesta  Hall. 

Annual,  four  to  six  inches  high,  branching  more  or  less 
dichotomously,  branches  making  a  broad  angle  with  the  main 
stem,  sterns  slightly  puberulent,  leaves  more  so,  lower  pair  or 
two  of  leaves  entire,  the  rest  three-  or  four-parted  nearly  to  the 
base,  becoming  five  lines  long,  divisions  slender;  flowers  single 
or  three  to  four  congested,  axillary  or  terminal,  very  short  pedi- 
celed;  calyx  four  to  five  lines  long,  tube  four  lines,  mainly 
hyaline,  urn- shaped,  pungent-tipped;  corolla  with  tube  about 


54  University  of  California  Publications.  f BOTANY 

one-half  line  long,  throat  one  to  two  and  one-half  lines,  funnel- 
form,  lobes  three  lines  long,  obovate,  tube  white,  throat  yellow, 
lobes  white  with  two  dark  lines  at  the  base  of  each;  stamens 
inserted  at  the  top  of  the  tube,  one  exceeding  the  rest  but  the 
longest  only  one-half  the  throat,  anthers  oblong. 

Type  from  San  Antonio  Mts.,  Southern  California,  6000  feet 
altitude,  H.  M.  Hall.  Elysian  Park,  Los  Angeles  Co.,  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Grout. 

16.  Linanthus  aureus  Greene.     Gilia  aurea  Nutt. 

Annual,  three  to  six  inches  high,, diffusely  branching,  stems 
filiform,  nearly  glabrous,  foliage  scabrous-pubescent;  leaves  three- 
to  five-parted,  divisions  about  two  lines  long,  rather  thick,  cus- 
pidate; flowers  from  one  to  several  from  a  leaf  axil,  on  pedicels 
varying  from  one  line  to  one  inch;  flowers  four  to  six  lines  long; 
calyx  three  to  four  lines,  herbaceous  ribs  broad,  hyaline  portion 
between  narrow,  tube  narrow-funnelform,  lobes  somewhat 
spreading;  corolla  with  tube  one  line  or  less  long,  constricted  at 
the  top,  throat  funnelform,  two  lines  long,  a  dark  reddish  band 
on  the  lower  half  of  the  throat  and  the  upper  part  of  the  tube, 
lobes  two  to  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  obovate,  bright  golden- 
yellow;  filaments  inserted  just  below  the  sinuses,  hardly  one-half 
line  long,  anthers  oblong;  style  filamentous,  stigmas  equalling 
the  corolla  lobes. 

Darwin  Mesa,  Inyo  Co.  Mojave  Desert,  San  Bernardino  Co., 
and  Arizona.  Type  locality  "Santa  Barbara"  (Ace.  to  Bot. 
Death  Valley). 

17.  Linanthus  Nuttallii  Greene  in  herb.      Gilia  Nuttallii  Gray. 

Woody-stemmed  perennial,  about  one  span  high,  profusely 
branching  from  the  base;  foliage  and  stems  puberulent  to  nearly 
glabrous;  leaves  three-  to  five-parted  to  the  base,  lower  entire, 
these  and  the  segments  spatulate,  lax,  acute,  curving  upward  if  at 
all;  inflorescence  in  axillary  and  terminal  clusters;  flowers  short  - 
pediceled  or  subsessile;  calyx  four  and  one-half  lines  long, 
cylindrical,  mostly  herbaceous,  lobes  about  equalling  the  tube; 
narrow-lanceolate;  corolla  about  nine  lines  long,  tube  equalling 
or  slightly  exceeding  the  calyx,  externally  pubescent,  throat  one 


VOL.  2]  Mil  liken. — Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae .  55 

to  one  and  one-half  lines  long,  open,  bright  3'ellow,  lobes  three 
lines  long,  narrow- truncate,  pale  yellow;  stamens  inserted  in  the 
middle  of  the  throat,  included,  anthers  oval,  stigmas  included; 
capsule  oblong,  tapering  at  the  base,  seeds  two  in  each  cell  (?). 
Santa  Rosa  Indian  Reservation,  El  Toro  ML,  H.~M~.  Hall. 
Mountains  in  San  Bernardino  Co.,  S.  B.  Parish.  Kaweah  River 
Basin,  R.  Hopping.  Lake  Tahoe,  W.  C.  Blasdale.  Eastern 
Oregon,  W.  C.  Cusick,  7-8000  feet,  Cascade  Mts.,  Washing- 
ton, 5-6000  feet,  O.  D.  Allen. 

18.  Linanthus  floribundus  Greene  in  herb.      Qilia  floribunda 

Gray. 

Woody  perennial,  simple  or  much  branched  from  the  base, 
very  slightly  puberulent  or  glabrous;  leaves  entire  or  three- 
parted,  divisions  narrow-linear,  one-half  to  three-fourths  inch 
long,  recurved  or  straight,  cuspidate,  edges  revolute;  inflo- 
rescence of  loose  clusters  or  scattered,  pedicels  slender,  sometimes 
exceeding  the  flower,  others  shorter;  calyx  three  lines  long, 
cylindrical,  mainly  herbaceous,  lobes  equalling  the  tube,  cuspi- 
date; corolla  five  lines  long,  tube  one  and  one-half  lines, 
included,  externally  pubescent,  throat  one  line  long,  deep  yellow 
with  dark  brown  at  the  base,  lobes  two  to  three  lines  long, 
obovate  nearly  white;  stamens  inserted  in  the  middle  of  the 
throat,  included. 

Near  the  southern  border  of  the  state.  Coulter,  E.  W. 
Morse.  Cleveland,  Arizona,  E.  Palmer.  San  Jacinto,  Mrs. 
Gregory.  Elsinore,  Riverside  Co.,  A.  J.  McClatchie.  Coyote 
Canon,  Riverside  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall. 

19.  Linanthus  maculatus.     Qilia  maculata  Parish. 

Annual,  twelve  to  fifteen  lines  high,  branching  quite  pro- 
fusely, somewhat  dichotomously,  stems  and  herbage  white- 
pubescent;  leaves  entire,  the  upper  sometimes  alternate,  oblong, 
two  and  one-half  lines  long,  thickish,  spinescent-tipped;  flowers 
mostly  crowded  into  small  head-like  clusters;  calyx  two  lines 
long,  the  green  lobes  with  hyaline  margins  nearly  to  the  apex, 
ciliate;  corolla  white,  tube  included  in  the  calyx,  limb  rotate, 
two  lines  broad;  stamens  slightly  exserted. 


56  Unii'trxity  <>j  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Borders  of  the  Colorado  Desert,  at  Agua  Caliente,  San  Diego 
Co.,  W.  G.  Wright. 

20.  Linanthus  Lemmoni  Greene.     Gilia  Lemmoni  Gray. 
Small  annual,  from  three  to  six  inches  high,  simple  or  dif- 
fusely branching  from  the  base,  upper  branches  comparatively 
few  in  most  cases;   pubescence  soft  on  the  stems,  more  or  less 
scabrous  on  the  foliage;    leaves  one-fourth  inch  or  less  long, 
three-  to  five-parted,  divisions  linear  but  not  filiform,  acute  at  the 
tip;  inflorescence  a  single  flower  or  of  small  heads,  both  axillary 
and  terminal,  on  slender  pedicels  when  solitary,  subsessile  in  the 
head;  calyx  from  one  and  one-half  to  three  lines  long,  slenderly 
cylindrical  or  somewhat  spreading  at  the  top,  lobes  five,  as  long 
as  the  tube,  acute  at  the  tip;  corolla  three  lines  long,  in  large 
forms  nearly  five  lines,  tube  bulging  at  the  base,  narrowing  to 
expand  gradually  into  the  throat,  lower  part  white,  upper  dark 
red,  throat  yellowish,  lobes  obovate,  whitish;   stamens  inserted 
just  below  the  sinuses,  recurved  in  age,  anthers  round;   seeds 
many. 

Southern  California  in  San  Bernardino,  Riverside  and  SMU 
Diego  counties.  (Plate  8.) 

21.  Linanthus    densiflorus.      Leptosiphon  densiflorns  Benth. 

Linanthus  qrandiflorus  Greene. 

Annual,  six  inches  to  two  feet  high,  stout,  simple  or  with 
one  to  two  short  branches  near  the  top,  stems  glabrous  or  nearly 
so,  herbage  scabrous- pubescent  and  somewhat  ciliate,  bracts 
sometimes  densely  so  at  the  base;  leaves  seven-parted,  one  inch 
long  in  larger  forms,  many  of  the  lower,  perhaps  half  of  them 
drop  the  segments  while  the  plant  is  flowering;  flowers 
crowded  in  a  large  bracted  terminal  cluster,  showy,  subsessile; 
calyx  nearly  cylindrical  five  and  one-fourth  lines  long  in  large 
forms,  tube  four  lines  long,  lobes  narrow-lanceolate,  acute; 
corolla  one  inch  long  or  more,  tube  not  equalling  the  calyx  tube, 
throat  long-narrow-funnelform,  yellow,  lobes  purple,  pink  or 
white;  stamens  inserted  a  little  below  the  sinuses  and  little 
exceeding  them,  anthers  oval. 

Mendocino  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy.  Alameda  Co.,  A.  Kellogg. 
Monterey  Co.,  Brewer.  San  Luis  Obispo  Co.,  Blochman.  Pos- 


UNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.  BOT.  VOL.  2. 


IMILUKEN]  PLATE  8. 


PHOT2-LJTU,BEUTTON  &REV.BT 


LINANTHUS  LEMMONI. 

1.     ENTIRE   PLANT.          2.     COROLLA.          3.     COROLLA  OPENED. 


UNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.  BOX.  VOL.  2. 


[MILLIKEN]  PLATE  9. 


n  ra  -  LrrH.HRrrrnN  x,nEi-  s  v. 


LINANTHUS  ANDROSACEUS. 
1.     ENTIRE   PLANTS.  2.     FLn\i/ER.  3.     UPPER  PORTION   OF  COROLLA  OPENED. 


VOL.  2]  Mi  Hi  ken.  —  Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  57 

sibly  there  is  a  variety  with  long  exserted  tube  but  no  specimens 
are  at  hand. 

22.  Linanthus  androsaceus  Greene.      Leptosiphon  androsaceus 

Benth.     Gilia  androsaceus  Gray. 

Rather  stout  annual,  from  four  inches  to  one  and  one-half 
feet  high,  usually  simple  or  with  few  branches,  sometimes  several 
from  the  base,  branches  widely  divergent ;  minute  white  pubescence 
on  the  stem  and  corolla  tube,  and  a  longer  bristly  pubescence 
on  the  foliage;  leaves  three-  to  seven-parted,  not  always  divided 
clear  to  the  base,  the  very  lowest  sometimes  entire,  segments 
spatulate  except  those  of  the  upper  leaves  which  are  linear,  edges 
revolute,  tips  cuspidate;  inflorescence  of  terminal  heads,  showy; 
calyx  three  to  four  lines  long,  less  than  half  as  broad,  five  seg- 
ments equalling  the  tube,  truly  herbaceous,  the  rest  more  or  less 
scarious;  corolla  large,  tube  averaging  one  inch,  narrow- cylindri- 
cal, funnelform  throat  dark  brown  or  yellow,  sometimes  both, 
lobes  broad-rounded  at  the  apex,  from  dark  purple  to  nearly 
white;  stamens  inserted  at  the  sinuses,  anthers  oblong,  filaments 
only  slightly  exceeding  the  throat;  stigma  with  three  slender 
divisions  reaching  half  way  up  the  lobes  of  the  corolla. 

Common  on  open  hillsides.  Mendocino  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson. 
HumboldtCo.,  C.  C.  Marshall.  San  Mateo  Co.,  J.  B.  Davy. 
Sheep  Creek,  San  Gabriel  Mts.,  H.  M.  Hall.  (Plate  9.) 

Var.  breviculus.  Gilia  brevicula  Gray,  Linanthus  brevicu- 
lus  Greene.  Smaller  than  the  species,  a  span  or  less  high,  leaves 
small,  narrow,  hirsute;  heads  small,  bracts  few;  corolla  tube 
purple,  about  twice  the  length  of  the  bracts,  throat  with  dark 
markings  at  the  base  and  yellow  above,  the  same  form  to  the 
corolla  as  in  the  species  but  the  tube  longer. 

Mohave  Desert,  S.  B.  Parish.  San  Antonio  Mountains, 
Southern  California,  H.  M.  Hall.  San  Bernardino  Mts. 

23.  Linanthus  Mariposianus. 

Slender  and  sparsely  branched  annual,  a  span  to  one  foot 
high,  stems  puberulent,  leaves  and  bracts  few,  hirsute,  the  three 
to  seven  divisions  very  slender;  calyx  three  lines  long,  the  slen- 
der acerose  lobes  exceeding  the  tube;  corolla  one  inch  long  or 


•~>s  University  of  California  Publications.  IBOTANT 

less,  t'unnelform,  the  proper  tube  white  or  pale  yellow,  very 
slightly  exceeding  the  calyx,  limb  as  long  as  the  tube,  throat 
short,  deep  purple  at  the  base,  yellow  above,  lobes  white  or 
cream,  long-oval  to  oblong;  stamens  inserted  at  the  top  of  the 
dark  band  in  the  throat,  reaching  to  the  base  of  the  lobes;  three 
capillary  divisions  of  the  stigma  only  exceeding  the  anthers  in 
maturity. 

Type  below  Mariposa,  Mariposa  Co.,  J.  W.  Congdon,  May 
10,  1899.  Kaweah  River  Basin,  Tulare  Co.,  Ralph  Hopping. 

24.  Linanthus    parviflorus    Greene.      Leptosiphon   parviflorus 
Benth.     Gilia  micrantha  Steud. 

Rather  slender  annual,  simple  or  diffusely  branching,  prin- 
cipally from  the  base,  usually  about  a  span  high  or  less, 
occasionally  one  foot;  pubescence  short  and  white  on  the 
branches,  sometimes  almost  lacking,  longer  and  hispid  on  the 
foliage,  slight  on  the  corolla  tube;  leaves  from  one-fourth  to 
one-half  inch  long,  three-  to  five-parted,  segments  narrow-linear 
or  slightly  spatulate;  inflorescence  of  numerous  small  terminal 
heads;  calyx  three  or  four  lines  long,  narrow,  teeth  longer  than 
the  tube,  erect;  corolla  with  a  long,  very  slender  tube  one  toone- 
and  one-fourth  inches  long,  ending  abruptly  in  an  expanded  yellow 
throat,  lobes  narrowly  oval,  white,  cream  or  yellow,  with  dark 
markings  outside,  limb  two  to  three  lines  long;  stamens  inserted 
in  the  throat,  filaments  about  one-half  the  length  of  the  limb, 
anthers  oblong,  large  for  the  size  of  the  flower;  style  usually 
exceeding  the  anthers,  three  long  stigma- divisions  entirely 
exserted  or  divergent,  recurved  in  age,  a  conspicuous  character 
of  the  type;  capsule  equalling  the  tube  of  the  calyx,  narrow  at 
the  base,  seeds  long  and  narrow. 

Common  in  exposed  parts  of  low  hills.  Shasta  Co.,  south 
along  the  Coast  Range  hills  to  San  Diego  Co. 

Var.  luteolus.  Gilia  micrantha  var.  anrea  Benth.  Linan- 
thus luteoluft  Greene.  Leaf  segments  linear  but  not  acerose; 
corolla  lobes  bright  yellow,  throat  orange,  upper  tube  yellow, 
lower  reddish  brown;  stigmas  less  divergent  and  less  exserted 
than  in  the  species.  Often  as  large  flowered  as  var.  rosaceus. 


UNIV.  CALIF.   PUB.   HOT.   VOL.  2. 


[MILLIKEN]  PLATE  1O- 


PH  DTD  -Lrm.HHTTTnK  *BEV.  B.T 


LINANTHUS  PARVIFLORUS  VAR.  ROSACEUS. 

1.      ENTIRE    PLANT.  2.      FLOWER.  3.      COROLLA   OPENED. 


VOL.  21  Milliken.  —  Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  59 

Warner's  Ranch,  San  Diego  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall.  Palomar, 
Riverside  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall.  Pacific  Grove,  Monterey  Co.,  H.  P. 
Chandler. 

Var.  rosaceus  Jepson.  Linanthus  rosaceus  Greene.  Lep- 
tosiplion  parviflorus  var.  rosaceus  Hook.  Larger  thaiPtEe  type 
of  the  species,  branching  from  the  base;  corolla  an  inch  long  or 
more,  rose  color  or  white,  with  yellow  throat,  tube  pubescent 
but  not  glandular. 

In  the  region  of  San  Francisco  and  southward  to  Monterey  Co. 
(Plate  10.) 

Var.  croceus.  Annual,  six  to  eight  inches  high,  much 
branched,  branches  ascending,  often  crooked  and  confused; 
branches  pubescent  with  soft  white  hairs,  the  base  of  the  inflo- 
rescence woolly,  revolute  margins  of  the  leaves  scabrous,  with 
short  ciliate  pubescence;  leaves  three-  to  seven- parted,  two  to 
four  lines  long,  lobes  spatulate  to  linear,  acute,  with  very  short 
cuspidate  tips,  internodes  sometimes  shorter  than  the  leaves, 
rarely  two  inches  long,  bracts  about  equalling  the  upper  leaves; 
inflorescence  of  roundish  heads  not  exceeding  ten  lines  in  diam- 
eter; calyx  four  lines  long,  tube  funnelform,  coriaceous,  lobes 
herbaceous  but  rigid- subulate;  corolla  two  to  two  and  one-fourth 
inches  long,  bright  yellow,  tube  very  slender,  rarely  perfectly 
erect,  throat  short  and  very  broad,  expanding  very  abruptly 
from  the  tube,  deeper  yellow  than  the  rest,  or  orange,  lobes 
obovate,  fully  three  lines  long;  stamens  reaching  half  way  up 
the  lobes,  anthers  oblong,  style  equalling  the  filaments,  stigmas 
long,  nearly  equalling  the  corolla  lobes. 

Local,  limited  to  about  ten  acres  near  the  stage  road  from 
Colma  to  Blenheim,  San  Mateo  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood,  May  19, 
1901.  It  is  labeled  by  Miss  Eastwood  in  the  California  Academy 
of  Sciences  as  a  var.  of  Gilia  audrosacea. 

25.  Linanthus  Graciosus, 

With  the  habit  of  L.  parviflorus,  very  diffuse,  a  span  high,  the 
whole  plant  grayish  with  a  close  pubescence;  inflorescence  of 
very  many  few-flowered  clusters  or  rarely  solitary,  bracts  few; 
calyx  three  lines  long,  subulate,  lobes  nearly  equalling  the  tube; 
corolla  with  a  very  slender  tube  an  inch  long,  dark  purple  or 


60  University  of  California  Publications.  IBOTANY 

red,  throat  very  short  and  broad,  yellow,  lobes  two  lines  long, 
ovate,  cream  colored  with  a  dark  purple  spot  at  the  base  of  each; 
stamens  shorter  than  the  lobes;  pistil  exserted,  often  much  so, 
stigma  with  three  long  divisions. 

La  Graciosa,  Santa  Barbara  Co.,  and  also  San  Luis  Obispo 
Co.,  Alice  Eastwood,  1896.  The  former  the  type;  both  specimens 
in  the  California  Academy  of  Sciences  Herbarium. 

26.  Linanthus  serrulatus  Greene. 

Annual,  four  to  five  inches  high,  with  many  diverging 
ascending  branches,  stems  puberulent,  internodes  not  much 
exceeding  one  inch,  leaves  and  bracts  with  very  narrow,  linear, 
acerose  segments,  cuspidate-tipped,  glabrous  except  the  margins 
which  are  not  at  all  white-ciliate,  but  are  closely  slender- spiuose- 
toothed;  inflorescence  of  comparatively  small  clusters,  not  a 
compact  head  as  in  L.  ciliatus  and  near  relatives,  therefore  the 
individual  calyces  are  in  greater  evidence;  calyx  five  lines  long, 
tube  one  line,  this  and  the  lower  part  of  the  lobes  coriaceous, 
lobes  acerose,  subulate,  sometimes  slightly  recurved;  corolla 
about  one  inch  long,  tube  slender,  red,  limb  two  lines  long,  lobes 
one  and  one-half  lines,  white  to  lavender;  stamens  shorter  than 
the  lobes,  anthers  nearly  round,  stigma  about  equal  to  the  sta- 
mens; capsule  oblong,  three  lines  long. 

Madera,  California,  Mr.  Buckminster,  May,  1889,  seen  in  the 
California  Academy  of  Sciences  Herbarium  and  probably  the  type. 

27.  Linanthus  acicularis  Greene. 

Small  annual,  two  to  four  inches  high,  simple  or  branched; 
short  white  pubescence  on  the  stem  and  corolla  tube,  hirsute 
pubescence  on  the  leaves;  leaves  one-fourth  inch  long,  lower 
ones  shorter,  three-parted,  segments  acerose,  stiff;  inflorescence 
of  small  terminal  heads;  calyx  about  two  and  one-half  lines  long, 
narrow,  acerose  teeth  longer  than  the  tube;  corolla  light  yellow 
throughout  or  with  darker  throat,  tube  very  slender,  about  three 
times  the  limb,  the  whole  less  than  one  inch  in  length;  stamens 
about  equalling  the  lobes,  anthers  oval;  style  short,  three  stigma 
segments  not  equalling  the  stamens. 

On  sunny  hills  in  western  California,  not  common.  Mendo- 
cino  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler.  Calistoga,  Napa  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson. 


VOL.  2]  Milliken. — Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  61 

Fairfax   hills,    Marin    Co.,   Alice    Eastwood.      Same   place,   C. 
Michener.     Knight's  Valley,  Sonoma  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood. 

28.  Linanthus    bicolor    Greene.       Leptosiphon    Mcolor   Nutt. 

Oilia  tenella  Benth. 

Low  annual,  from  one  to  six  inches  high,  simple  or  with  few 
divergent  branches,  stems  more  or  less  pubescent  with  short 
bent  white  hairs,  corolla  tube  slightly  pubescent  on  the  outside; 
leaves  scabrous  with  short  hirsute  pubescence  on  the  margins, 
three-  to  five-parted  or  the  lowest  entire  and  spatulate,  segments  of 
the  upper  leaves  narrow,  spatulate  becoming  narrower  above,  even 
acerose;  inflorescence  of  small  terminal  heads;  calyx  about  four 
lines  long,  the  tube  only  one  line,  teeth  narrowly  lanceolate; 
corolla  from  three-fourths  to  one  and  one-fourth  inches  long, 
tube  four  times  the  length  of  the  limb,  slender  but  not  extremely 
so  in  proportion  to  the  limb,  reddish,  abruptly  expanding  into 
a  yellow  throat,  lobes  ovate,  rose-purple,  one  to  one  and  one- 
half  lines  long;  stamens  and  stigma  about  two-thirds  the 
corolla  lobes;  capsule  two  to  two  and  one-half  lines  long,  taper- 
ing at  the  base;  seeds  six  in  each  cell(?). 

Humboldt  Co.,  J.  P.  Tracy.  Mendocino  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson. 
Lake  Co.  Placer  Co.  AmadorCo.  Yosemite  Valley,  Mariposa 
Co.  Fresno  Co. 

29.  Linanthus  ciliatus  Greene.      Oilia  ciliata  Benth. 

Annual,  fronl  four  to  fourteen  inches  high,  usually  erect  and 
simple,  but  sometimes  with  spreading  branches  principally 
from  the  base;  stems  puberulent,  herbage  conspicuously  mar- 
gined with  long,  stiff,  white  cilia,  standing  nearly  at  right  angles 
to  the  margins,  short  scabrous  bristles  also  present  especially  at 
the  apex  of  the  leaves,  bracts,  and  calyx  lobes;  leaves  increasing 
in  size  from  the  base  of  the  plant  upward,  not  exceeding  one  inch, 
five  to  seven  linear  divisions,  cuspidate- tipped;  inflorescence  of 
close,  rounded,  terminal  heads,  bracts  most  conspicuously  ciliated, 
concave  on  the  inside,  clasping  the  head  with  the  tips  of  the 
divisions  finally  recurving,  this  character  of  clasping  bracts  being 
very  characteristic  of  of  L.  ciliatus  and  moderately  so  of  L. 
montanus;  calyx  one-half  inch  long,  ribs  closely  approximated 


62  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

in  the  flowering  stage,  hyaline  spaces  between,  expanding  with 
the  growth  of  the  capsule;  corolla  usually  little  exceeding,  occa- 
sionally much  exceeding  the  calyx,  three-fourths  to  one  inch 
long,  tube  slender,  cylindrical,  minutely  puberulent;  throat  yel- 
lowish, short- funnelform,  lower  part  dark  purple,  upper  yellow, 
lobes  one  to  one  and  one-half  lines  long,  salverform,  purple, 
pink  or  white;  stamens  inserted  half  way  up  on  the  throat,  little 
exceeding  it;  stigma  reaching  the  point  of  insertion  of  the 
stamens;  capsule  oblong,  many-seeded. 

Common  through  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  and  the  Coast  Range 
Mts.  from  Modoc  and  Shasta  Cos.  south  to  San  Diego  Co. 

30.  Linanthus  montanus  Greene.     Linanthus  ciliatus  var.  mon- 

tanus  Greene. 

Rather  stout  annual,  a  foot  or  less  high,  usually  simple  with 
long  internodes;  stems  slightly  pubescent  with  soft  white  bent 
hairs  or  glabrous;  leaf -segment  margins  scabrous  with  short 
hirsute  pubescence,  bracts  with  long  conspicuous  white  stiff 
hairs  at  right  angles  to  the  margins  of  segments;  leaves  three-  to 
seven-parted,  segments  narrowly  linear,  somewhat  revolute,  the 
lower  one-fourth  inch,  the  upper  one-half  inch  long;  bracts 
curving  about  the  inflorescence  making  a  rounded  head  which  is 
terminal;  calyx  three  and  one-half  to  five  lines  long,  quite  nar- 
row, the  very  slender  teeth  equalling  the  tube,  which  is  pubescent 
with  long  hirsute  hairs;  corolla  about  one  inch  long,  tube  red, 
gradually  expanding  into  a  yellow  throat,  lobes  two  or  two  and 
one-half  lines  long,  obovate  or  truncate,  nearly  white,  some- 
times with  purple  spots  at  the  base;  stamens  and  stigma  hardly 
exceeding  the  throat. 

In  Sequoia  groves  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  Calaveras  Co., 
J.  B.  Davy.  Yosemite  Valley,  Mariposa  Co.,  W.  Brown.  Lake 
Eleanor,  Tuolumne  Co.  Bakersfield,  Kern  Co.  E.  M.  Day.  In 
habit  like  large  forms  of  L.  ciliatus  but  differing  in  the  much 
larger  corolla. 

31.  Linanthus  neglectus  Greene. 

A  span  high,  with  few  branches,  stems  puberulent,  leaves 
few,  hispid,  three- fourths  inch  long;  inflorescence  a  single  flower, 


VOL.  2]  Milliken. — Calif ornian  Polemoniaceae.  63 

or  two  to  three  in  a  terminal  cluster,  surpassed  by  larger  clusters 
on  elongated  peduncles;  calyx  and  especially  the  bracts  glandular 
and  with  some  white  ciliate  hairs;  calyx  six  lines  long  with  a 
short  tube  and  long  acerose  lobes  with  hyaline  margins_part  way 
up,  often  reciirved;  flowers  not  seen. 

Valleys  of  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.  in  the  region  of  Lake 
Tahoe  and  in  the  State  of  Nevada.  See  Greene's  description, 
Erythea,  iii.  24. 

PHLOX  LINN. 

Woody-stemmed  perennials  of  high  altitudes,  leaves  opposite, 
entire;  corollas  strictly  salverform. 

KEY  TO  THE  SPECIES. 

A.  More  or  less  matted;  leaves  short  and  crowded. 

a.  Very  densely  caespitose  and  lanate-caneseent;  leaves  subulate. 

1.  P.  canescens. 

fo.  Less   densely  caespitose    and    less    canescent;    leaves    ovate    to 
lanceolate.  2.  P.  Covillei. 

c.  Loosely,    or    somewhat    densely    tufted,    not    canescent;    leaves 

acerose;  calyx  sinuses  not  replicate.  3.  P.  Douglasii. 

d.  Loosely  tufted;  calyx  sinuses  replicate.  4.  P.  austromontuna 

B.  Not  matted;  leaves  long,  not  crowded. 

a.  Branches  ascending;  leaves  broad-lanceolate  to  ovate. 

5.  P.  adsurgens. 

1).  Branches  nearly  erect;  leaves  narrow-lanceolate,  not  exceeding 
four  lines.  6.  P.  dolicantha. 

c.  Erect;  leaves  linear,  one  to  two  lines  wide.  7.  P.  longifolia. 

d.  Erect,    glandular-viscid  above ;   leaves   narrow -oblong,  tapering 

at  both  ends.  8.  P.  occidentale. 

e.  Erect,    canescent;    leaves  narrow -lanceolate  to  linear,   margins 

cartilaginous.  9.  P.  Stansburyi. 

1.  Phlox  canescens  Torr.  and  Gray. 

Perennial,  growing  in  very  densely  appressed  mats,  lanate- 
caneseent,  foliage  bluish-gray;  leaves  but  two  to  three  lines  long, 
subulate,  pungent;  corolla  white,  "tube  yellow"  (Torrey),  tube 
twice  or  thrice  the  length  of  the  calyx,  la'nate  at  the  base,  lobes 
broadly  obovate,  style  not  half  as  long  as  the  tube;  capsule  one- 
seeded. 

Warner  Mts.,  8000  feet,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce.  Rocky  flat  sage- 
bush  land,  Modoc  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker. 


64  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

2.  Phlox  Covillei  Nelson. 

Perennial,  caespitose-depressed,  grayish  with  caneseent  pubes- 
cence; leaves  ovate  to  broad-lanceolate,  margins  cartilaginous, 
reflexed,  central  portion  thickened  with  prominent  grooves  on 
each  side;  calyx  glandular-pubescent,  lobes  thick  and  broad,  like 
the  leaves;  corolla  white,  more  than  twice  the  calyx. 

Black  Canon,  White  Mts.,  Mono  Co.,  Coville  and  Funston. 
High  Sierra  Nevada  Mts.,  H.  M.  Hall  (?). 

3.  Phlox  Douglasii  Hook. 

Loosely  or  densely  tufted  perennial,  forming  mats,  leaves 
crowded  on  the  stems,  rigid,  acerose,  slightly  pubescent  or  gla- 
brous; flowers  scattered  on  short  pedicels  or  subsessile,  usually 
solitary  011  the  annual  shoots;  calyx  without  salient  angles; 
corolla  tube  usually  exceeding  the  the  calyx  lobes,  three  to  four 
lines  long,  obovate,  various  shades  of  purple,  lilac  and  white  on 
the  same  plant. 

Common  at  high  altitudes  throughout  the  Sierra  Nevada  Mts. 
Trinity  Summit,  Humboldt  Co.,  W.  C.  Blasdale.  Yosernite 
Valley,  Mariposa  Co.,  W.  Brown.  San  Antonio  Mts.,  Southern 
California,  H.  M.  Hall. 

4.  Phlox  austromontana  Coville. 

Near  P.  Douglasii  but  less  matted,  leaves  usually  less  crowded 
and  longer,  salient  angles  to  the  calyx  between  the  ribs,  calyx 
conspicuously  pubescent;  two  or  more  flowers  on  the  annual 
shoots. 

Head  of  Davis  Creek,  Modoc  Co.,  Mrs.  C.  C.  Bruce.  Trinity 
Summit,  Humblodt  Co.,  W.  L.  Jepson.  San  Bernardino  Mts., 

5.  B.  Parish.     San  Jacinto  Mts.,  Riverside  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall. 
(Plate  11.) 

5.  Phlox  adsurgens  Torr. 

Slender  perennial,  'with  suffrutescent  base  lying  more  or  less 
on  the  ground,  with  several  ascending  branches  which  are  mainly 
herbaceous,  glabrous,  except  the  inflorescence  which  is  minutely 
glandular;  leaves  opposite,  an  inch  long  or  less,  broad-lanceolate 
to  ovate,  not  fascicled,  shorter  than  the  internodes;  flowers 


UNIV.  CALIF.  PUB.  BOX.  VOL.  2. 


[MILLIKEN]  PLATE  11. 


PHLOX  AUSTROMONTANA. 

1.     PORTION   OF  PLANT.  2.     FLOWER.  3.     COROLLA  OPENED. 


VOL.  •_>.]  Millikt'ii.  —  (]<ilifonii«tt  Poleni<»ii<icr<i< .  (>•"> 

sc.-iltcrcd  of  corymbose;  calyx  three  and  one-half  to  four  lines 
long,  slender,  mostly  hyaline,  this  portion  slightly  replicate, 
lobes  linear  and  very  slender,  becoming  recurved;  corolla  tube 
nearly  twice  the  calyx,  very  slightly  pubescent,  lobes  obovate 
three  and  one-half  lines  long;  one  or  two  stamens  jdightly 
exceeding  the  tube;  style  included,  one-half  or  more  than  one- 
half  the  corolla  tube,  ovules  solitary  in  each  cell. 

Dead  wood,  Trinity  Co.,  W.  C.  Blasdale.  Seiad  Valley,  Sis- 
kiyou  Co.,  Mrs.  Stringer.  Humboldt  Co.,  H.  P.  Chandler. 
Coniferous  forest,  Mud  Spring  to  Trinity  Summit,  Humboldt 
Co.,  W.  L.  -lepson.  Mariposa  Co.,  W.  C.  Blasdale. 

(5.   Phlox  dolicantha  Ton-,  and  Gray. 

Perennial,  about  one  span  high,  puberulent,  becoming  gla- 
brous at  the  base;  leaves  about  one  inch  long,  not  exceeding 
four  lines  in  width,  lanceolate,  not  crowded,  but  surpassing  the 
inlernodes;  flowers  scattered,  or  in  groups  of  three;  calyx  from 
one-half  to  three-fourths  inch  long,  hyaline  portion  hardly  if  at 
all  replicate,  ribs  prolonged  into  lax,  acerose  lobes  equalling  or 
exceeding  the  tube;  corolla  one  and  one-half  to  two  inches  long, 
linili  an  inch  in  breadth,  white,  lobes  obovate  and  entire;  stigma 
equalling  the  tube;  "seeds  one  in  each  cell"  (Torrey). 

San  Bernardino  Mts.,  S.  B.  Parish,  also  H.  M.  Hall. 

7.  Phlox  longifolia  Nutt. 

Perennial,  a  span  or  so  high,  erect,  glabrous  or  " finely  pubes- 
cent "  (Nelson),  considerably  branched  from  the  woody  base; 
leaves  one  to  two  inches  long,  one  to  two  lines  wide,  midrib 
prominent  on  the  under  side,  margins  slightly  thickened,  leaves 
exceeding  the  internodes,  occasionally  fascicled  in  the  axils; 
flowers  solitary  or  in  a  few-flowered  corymb,  borne  on  pedicels 
one-halt'  to  one  and  one-half  inches  in  length;  calyx  four 
lines  long,  hyaline  portion  slightly  replicate,  lobes  subulate 
to  acerose,  about  one-halt'  the  tube  or  a  little  more,  tube  slightly 
constricted  at  the  top;  corolla  white,  tube  slightly  exceeding  the 
calyx,  lobes  four  to  five  lines  long,  tapering  at  the  base,  expanded 
apex  cnneate,  style  shorter  than  the  calyx. 

Siskiyou  Co.,  C.  B.  Bradley. 


66  University  of  California  Publications.  [BOTANY 

Var.  puberula  E.  Nelson.  Densely  glandular-pubescent  on 
the  pedicels;  leaves  arid  flowers  smaller  than  in  the  species. 

Dixey  Mts.,  Lassen  Co.,  M.  S.  Baker  and  F.  Nutting,  Cali- 
fornia Academy  of  Sciences. 

8.  Phlox  occidentale  Durand. 

Perennial,  a  span  or  two  high,  suffrutescent  at  the  base, 
glandular-pubescent  and  somewhat  viscid  above,  branches 
ascending  or  erect;  leaves  one  and  one-half  inches  long  or  less, 
not  crowded,  but  exceeding  the  internodes,  narrow-oblong, 
tapering  at  both  ends,  some  alternate  above,  rarely  fascicled  in 
the  axils;  flowers  solitary  or  in  groups  of  two  or  three;  calyx 
four  lines  long,  hyaline  portion  slightly  replicate,  lobes  subulate, 
half  the  tube,  erect;  corolla  tube  exceeding  the  calyx,  but  hardly 
twice  its  length,  lobes  four  lines  long,  obcordate," white  to  rose; 
ovules  solitary  in  each  cell"  (Nelson). 

Near  Kenyon,  Fresno  Co.,  H.  M.  Hall  and  H.  P.  Chandler. 
Fresno  Co.,  Alice  Eastwood,  G.  Eisen.  Amador  Co.,  Mrs. 
K.  Brandegee.  El  Dorado  Co.,  G.  P.  Rixford.  Plumas  Co., 
F.  McNaught.  Siskiyou  Co.,  H.  E.  Brown,  Miss  Cummings. 
This  is  the  California  species,  resembling  closely  P.  speciosa  of 
the  Rocky  Mountains  and  of  the  State  of  Washington. 

9.  Phlox  Stansburyi  Heller.     P.  speciosa  var.  Stansburyi  Torr. 

P.  longifolia  var.  Stansburyi  Gray. 

Perennial,  about  one  span  high,  stems  many,  leafy,  the  whole 
plant  canescent,  branches  glandular  above;  leaves  narrow- lan- 
ceolate to  linear,  margins  slightly  cartilaginous,  midrib  promi- 
nent; inflorescence  of  few-flowered,  bracted  clusters;  hyaline 
spaces  of  the  calyx  markedly  replicate;  corolla  tube  twice  the 
calyx,  lobes  three  lines  long,  obovate. 

Willow  Creek,  Panamint  Mts.,  Coville  and  Funston. 


VOL.  2.]  Milliken.  —  Calif  or  nian  Polemoniaceae.  67 


LIST    OF    PLATES. 

FACING   PAGE 

1.  Flower  and  Fruit  of  Six  Species 1 

2.  Polemonium  parvifolium 8 

3.  Navarretia  squarrosa 18 

4.  Gilia  latiflora ;    G.  aehilleaefolia ;  G.  multieaulis 36 

5.  Gilia  Davyi  30 

6.  Linanthus  dichotomus 46 

7.  Linanthus  liniflorus 48 

8.  Linanthus  Lemmoni 56 

9.  Linanthus  androsaceus  57 

10.  Linanthus  parviflorus  var.  rosaeeus 59 

11.  Phlox  austromontana  ...  ..    64 


VOL.  2.] 


.  —  California)).  Polemoniaceae. 


69 


INDEX. 


Aegoclitoa  atractyloides 21 

colxlaefolia  14 

intertexta 16 

pubescens 17 

pungens   18 

Bonplandia , 1 

Cantua 1 

aggregata 37 

Capitata 23 

Cobaea 1 

Collomia 9  (2,  3,  4,  5) 

gilioides  26 

grandiflora   10  (9) 

gracilis 25 

heterophylla  12  (10) 

leptalea 29 

linearis 10  (9) 

ma/ama  11   (10) 

tinctoria 11  (9) 

Elaphocera  24 

Eugilia  ....    23  (5) 

Fenzlia  dianthiflora 47 

Gilia .' 22  (2,  3,  4,  5) 

abrotanifolia 35  (24) 

achilleaefolia 36  (24,  34) 

aggregata 37  (3,  24) 

var.  Bridgesii 38 

itnibigua 51 

(tndrosaceus  57 

aristella   11 

nirti.ctylaides  21 

aurea 54 

BigeloKii  .          47 

Bolanderi 50 

brericula  57 

Californica 41  (24) 

capillaris 30  (23) 

capitata  37  (24) 

ciliata 61 

Chamissonis  35  (24) 

congesta 38  (24) 

cotulaefolia 14,  17 

Davyi 30  (23) 

dt'iiiitisa 52 

densifolia 38  (24) 

var.  sanctora 39 

depressa 25  (23) 

dianthiflora 47 

dianthoides 47 

dichotoma 46 

diffusa  32  (23) 


Gilia  diraricata 20  (26) 

filicaulis 19 

liUfolia 39 

'filiformis 30  (3,  23) 

filipes  49 

floccosa 40 

floribunda 55 

'gilioides ...26  (33) 

glutinosa 26 

gracilis  25  (3,  23) 

Hallii 42 

Harknessii 50 

hetwodoxa 19 

heterophylla  12 

Hookeri  41 

inconspicua 31  (23) 

var.  sinuata 32 

intertexta 16 

Jonesii  47 

latiflora 27  (33) 

var.  exilis 27 

latifolia 27  (23) 

Lemmoni 56 

leptalea 29  (23) 

leptomeria 31  (23) 

leucocephala 14 

linearis 10 

Uniflora  48 

var,  pharnaceoides 48 

lutescens  40  (24) 

maculata 55 

Matthewsii 43  (25) 

mellita  18 

micrantha 58 

var.  aurea 58 

millefoliata 33  (24) 

minima 14 

•modesta  53 

multicaulis 34  (24) 

var.  alba 35 

var.  detonsa 35 

var.  eximia 35 

Nevinii 33  (24) 

Nuttallii 54 

ochroleuca 32  (23) 

pallida 37 

Parryae 52 

peduncularis 34  (24) 

pharnaceoides 48 

prostrata  13 

pubescens 17 


70 


University  of  California  Publications. 


[BOTANY 


Gilia  pungens  41  (18,  25) 

var.  caespitosa  41 

var.  Hallii 42 

var.  Hookeri 42 

var.  squarrosa 41 

var.  tenuiloba  43 

pusilla 49 

var.  Californica 50 

Rattani 52 

Schottii 43  (25,  44) 

setosissima 44  (25) 

var.  exigua 43 

sparsiflora 40  (24) 

squarrosa 18 

staminea 36  (24) 

tenella 61 

tenuiflora ~ 28  (23) 

var.  Purpusii 29 

var.  latiflora 27 

var.  altissima 28 

tenuiloba 43 

Traskiae 26  (23) 

tricolor 33  (24) 

virgata 39  (24) 

var.  filifolia  39 

var.  fioccosa.... 40 

var.  floribunda 40 

viscidula 21 

var.  heterodoxa 19 

Hoitzia .^       1 

squarrosa 18 

Hugelia  24  (2) 

densifolia 38 

lutea 40 

virgata 39 

Ipomopsis 24   (2) 

Langloisia 25   (2) 

Matthewsii 43   (3) 

Schottii 43   (3) 

setosissima  44  (3) 

Leptodaetylon  24   (2) 

Californicum 41 

Leptosiphon  androsaceus 57 

bicolor 61 

densiflorus 56 

parviflorus 58 

var.  rosaceus 59 

Linanthus 44  (2,  3,  4,  5) 

acicularis  60  (46) 

•ambiguus 51  (45) 

androsaceus 57  (46) 

var.  breviculus.. 57 

aureus  54  (45) 

Bigelovii 47  (3,  45) 

bicolor 61  (46) 

Bolanderi 50  (45) 

breviculus 57 

ciliatus 61  (46) 

var.  montanus 62 

concinnus  53  (45) 

demissus 52  (45) 


Linanthus  densiflorus 56 

dianthiflorus 47 

dichotomus  46 

filipes  49 

floribundus  55 

Graciosus  59 

grandiflorus 

Harknessii 50 

Jonesii  47 

Lemmoni  56 

liniflorus 48  (3 

luteolus 

maculatus  55 

Mariposianus 57 

montanus 62 

neglectus  62 

Nuttallii 54 

Pacificus 53 

Parryae 52 

parviflorus  58 

var.  croceus 

var.  luteolus.. .. 


var.  rosaceus. 


(46; 

(45) 
(45) 
(45) 
(45) 
(46) 

56 
(45) 
(45) 
(45) 
,  45) 

58 
(45) 
(46) 
(46) 
(46) 
(45) 
(45) 
(45) 
(46) 
.  59 
.  58 

59 


l>liarnaceoides  48 

pusillus 49  (45) 

var.  Californicus 50 

Rattani 52  (45) 

rosaceus 59 

serrulatus 60  (46) 

Loeselia  1 

Mattheivsii 43 

Schottii 43 

Microsteria  23 

Microsteris  3 

Navarretia  12  (2,  3,  4,  5) 

atractyloides  21  (13) 

Breweri  20  (13) 

cotulaefolia  14  (12) 

divaricata 20  (13) 

filicaulis 19  (13) 

foliacea 22  (13) 

hamata 22  (13) 

heterodoxa 19  (13) 

intertexta 16  (12) 

involucrata 13 

leucoeephala 14  (12) 

mellita  18  (13) 

minima 14  (12) 

mitracarpa 19  (13) 

nigellaeformis 15  (12) 

prolifera 15  (12) 

prostrata 13  (12) 

pubescens 17  (13) 

l>i<iif/ens  18 

Schottii  43  (44) 

setosissima 44 

setiloba 16  (13) 

wqunrrosa 18  (13) 

subuligera 21  (13,  17) 

tagetina  17  (13) 

viscidula 21  (13) 


VOL.'.'.] 


Milliken. —  California^  Polemoniaceae. 


71 


Phlox ....63  (1,  3,  4,  5) 

adsurgens .' 64  (63) 

austromontana 64  (63 

caneseens  63 

Covillei 64  (63) 

dolieantha 65  (63) 

Douglasii 64  (63) 

graciMs 25 

•longifolia 65  (63) 

var.  puberula 66 

var.  Stansburyi 66 

occidental 66  (63) 

speciosa  var.  Stansburyi 66 

Stansburyi 66  (63) 

Polemonia...  1 


PAGE 

Polemoniaceae 1 

Polemonium 5  (1,  2,  3,  4) 

antarticum 9 

carneum 6 

coeruleum 6 

confertum  ^....^_.... 7,  9 

eximium  ~...7  (6) 

liumile  5,  8,  9 

var.  pulchellum 5,  8 

micranthum 9  (6) 

moschatum 8 

parvifolium 8  (5,  6) 

pulchellum 8  (6) 

pulcherrimum  8 

viscosum 5,  8,  9 


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PHYSIOLOGY.— Jacques  Loeb,  Editor.     Price  per  volume  $2.00.    Volume  I  (in 
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No.     9.     On  the  Production  and  Suppression  of  Glycosuria  in  Rabbits  through 
Electrolytes  (a  preliminary  communication),  by  Martin  H.  Fischer. 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA   PUBLICATIONS-(CONTINUED) 


PHYSIOLOGY.— Continued. 


No.  10. 


No.  11 


No.  12. 


No.  13. 


No.  14. 


No.  15. 


On  the  Influence  of  Calcium  and  Barium  on  the  Flow  of  Urine  (a 
preliminary  communication),  by  John  Bruce  MacCallum. 

Further  Experiments  on  the'  Fertilization  of  the  Egg  of  the  Sea- 
urchin  with  Sperm  of  Various  Species  of  Starfish  and  a 
Holothurian,  by  Jacques  Loeb. 

On  the  Production  and  Suppression  of  Glycosuria  in  Rabbits  through 
Electrolytes  (second  communication),  by  Martin  H.  Fischer. 

The  Infuence  of  Saline  Purgatives  on  Loops  of  Intestine  removed 

from  the  Body,  by  John  Bruce  MacCallum.  )      !i 

The  Secretion  of  Sugar  into  the  Intestine  caused  by  Intravenous  (       '^ 
Saline  Infusions,  by  John  Bruce  MacCallum.  J  cover- 

On  the  Influence  of  the  Reaction  of  the  Sea-Water  on  the  Regenera- 
tion and  Growth  of  Tubularians,  by  Jacques  Loeb. 


Price  per  volume  $2.00.     Volume  I 


PATHOLOGY.— Alonzo  E.  Taylor,  Editor, 
(in  progress): 

No.  1 .  On  the  Quantitative  Separation  of  the  Globulins  of  Hemolytic  Serum, 
with  Special  Reference  to  the  Carbon  Dioxide  Group,  by 
Clarence  Quinan. 

Hydrolysis  of  Protamine  with  Especial  Reference  to  the  Action  of 
Trypsin,  by  Alonzo  Englebert  Taylor. 

On   the  Synthesis  of  Fat  Through  the  Reversed  Action  of  a  Fat- 
Splitting  Enzyme,  by  Alonzo  Englebert  Taylor. 

On   the   Occurrence   of  Amido-Acids  in  Degenerated  Tissues,  bv 
Alonzo  Englebert  Taylor. 

ASTKOSOMY.-W.  W.  Campbell,  Editor. 

Publications  of  the  Lick  Observatory.— Volumes  I-V  completed.    Volume 

VI  (in  progress): 

A  Short  Method  of  Determining  Orbits  from  Three  Observations, 
by  A.  O.  Leuschner. 


No.  2, 


No. 


No.  4. 


In 

one 

cover. 


No.  1 


No.  2. 


No.  3. 


Elements  of  Asteroid  1900  GA,  by  A.  O.  Leuschner  and  Adelaide 
M.  Hobe. 

Preliminary   Elements  of  Comet   1900  III,  by  R.   H.  Curtiss  and 
C.  G.  Dall. 


Contributions  from  the  Lick  Observatory.— Nos.  I-V. 

Lick  Observatory  Bulletins.— Volume  I  (pp.  193)  completed.    Volume  II 
(in  progress). 

AGRICULTURE.— Bulletins  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture.     Nos.  1-146. 
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